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y3r2 - toxicology ☠️ > L12: Food Poisoning & Botulism > Flashcards

L12: Food Poisoning & Botulism Flashcards

1
Q

Def of Food Poisoning

A
  • Food poisoning comes from eating food or drinking water that is contaminated with a virus, bacterium, parasite, or chemical causing illness.
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2
Q

Another name of Food Poisoning

A

also called gastroenteritis.

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3
Q

Characters of Food Poisoning

A
  • It may affect one person or a group of people who ate the same thing (called an outbreak).
  • Time between the ingestion of suspected food and onset of symptoms helps to diagnose the cause.
  • It is mainly manifested by nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.
  • Treatment is mainly symptomatic with control of hypotension and dehydration
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4
Q

TTT of Food Poisoning

A

mainly symptomatic with control of hypotension and dehydration

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5
Q

manifestations of Food Poisoning

A

manifested by nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.

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6
Q

Causes of Food Poisoning

A
  • Endogenous Food Poisoning
  • Chemical Food Poisoning
  • Infectious Food Poisoning
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7
Q

Endogenous Food Poisoning

A
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8
Q

Chemical Food Poisoning

A
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9
Q

Infectious Food Posioning

A
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10
Q

Parasitic Infectious Food Posioning

A
  • E. histolytica
  • Giardia Lambia.
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11
Q

Bacterial Infectious Food Posioning

A
  • As Staphylococcus aureus (I.P 1 - 12 h) T
  • As Salmonella (I.P 12-72 h).
  • As E. coli (I.P 12-72 h)
  • As Clostridium botulinum (I.P 18-36 h)
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12
Q

Fungal Infectious Food Posioning

A
  • Aspergillus species that produce aflatoxins & ochratoxins → “present in nuts, cereals, coffee & rice”.
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13
Q

Def of Botulism

A

Botulism is a paralytic infectious disease caused by ciostridium botulinum toxin, which produces life-threatening muscle paralysis.

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14
Q

Manefistations of Botulism in brief

A

Botulism is mainly manifested by bilateral symmotrical descending paralysis

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15
Q

Dx of Botulism in brief

A

Mainly diagnosed clinically.

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16
Q

Botulism is a case of ICU admission

A

..

17
Q

Manin Line of TTT of Botulism

A

Anti-botulinum antibodies is the main line of treatment

18
Q

Characters of Clostridium botulinum

A
19
Q

what is the commonest botulinum neurotoxin?

A

A, B, C, and E

20
Q

Mode of posioning by botulism (Types of botulism)

A
21
Q

Toxic action in botulism

A
22
Q

Infant botulism

A
  • The toxin is produced by the organism in the immature gastrointestinal tract (Gl).
  • Honey may contain botulinum toxin spores and be the source of toxin.
23
Q

CP of Food-borne Botulism

A
24
Q

IP in Food-borne Botulism

A

An incubation period of 18-36 hours (up to 8 days) may occur.

25
Q

Early Signs in Food-borne Botulism

A

Dry mouth, difficulty in swallowing
- due to bulbar muscle weakness.

Blurred vision:
- due to involvement of cranial nerves, especially abducent (VI) and oculomotor (III) nerves.

26
Q

Late signs in Food-borne Botulism

A
  • Descending symmetrical weakness and paralysis with intact mentation
  • Respiratory muscle weakness and failure, cardiac arrest may occur
27
Q

CP of Infant Botulism

A
28
Q

Characters of wound Botulism

A
  • Symptoms as those of food borne botulism without gastro- intestina! symptoms.
  • It commonly occurs with deep contaminated wounds.
  • Incubation period of 4-14 days.
29
Q

Investigations of Botulism

A
30
Q

DDx of Botulism

A
31
Q

TTT of Botulism

A
  • Emergency and supportive measures
  • Decontamination
  • Antidote
  • Symptomatic TTT
32
Q

Emergency & Supportive TTT of Botulism

A
  • Treatment should focus on airway management and supportive care.
  • It is a case for intensive care unit admission
  • Endotracheol intubation should be performed when any signs of respiratory failure or pulmonary aspiration develop.
33
Q

Decontamination in Botulism

A
34
Q

what is the antidote of choice in Botulism?

A
  • Equine botulism immunoglobulin (heptavalent-equine)
  • Human botulism immunoglobulin
35
Q

Equine botulism immunoglobulin (heptavalent-equine)

  • Indications
  • CI
  • Dose
  • Side effects
A
36
Q

Uses of Human botulism immunoglobulin

A

It may be useful in infant botulism.

37
Q

Symptomatic TTT of Botulism

A
  • Antiemetics
  • IV fluid
  • Anclgesics

y3r2 - toxicology ☠️ (15 decks)

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