II. Sociological and Anthropological Perspective of Self

Question 1

the science of society, social institutions,
and social relationships, specifically: the
systematic study of the development,
structure, interaction, and collective
behavior of organized groups of human
beings.

asserts that humans cannot be
understood apart from it social context
inherently connected and dependent on
each other

Answer 1

S O C I O L O G Y

Question 2

** _** - in which society
creates opportunities for him/her to think and
act as well as limiting his/her thoughts and
actions.
* a framework for viewing the social world
that exceeds those limitations

Answer 2

sociological imagination

Question 3

major characteristics of modernity

Answer 3

• Industrialism
• Capitalism
• institution of surveillance
• Dynamism

Question 4

the social relations
implied in the extensive use of material
power and machinery all in process of
production

Answer 4

Industrialism

Question 5

a production system
involving both competitive product
markets and the commodification
(putting a price tag) of labor power

Answer 5

Capitalism

Question 6

the
massive increase of power and reach
by institutions, especially in government.

Answer 6

institution of surveillance

Question 7

the most evident
characteristic of a modern society.
Dynamism is characterized as having
vigorous activity and progress. In a
modern society, life is not a
predetermined path with limited
options based on location, family
or gender, it is a society full of
possibilities.

Answer 7

Dynamism

Question 8

refers to the ties or connections that link you to your social group

Answer 8

SOCIAL NETWORKS

Question 9

having two or more people interacting with one another, sharing similar characteristics, and whose members identify themselvesas part of the group

Answer 9

SOCIAL GROUPS

Question 10

SOCIAL GROUPS

naturally occurring and it is influenced by your family

1. organic motivation- you join these groups because your family is also a part of it
2. rootedness -positive effect of organic groups - giving the person a sense of belongingness the downside, however, is that organic groups imply less freedom and greater social conformity*

Answer 10

ORGANIC GROUPS

Question 11

occur in modern society
made up of different people coming from different places
rational motivation - join these groups out of their own free will
imply greater freedom, especially the freedom of movement
The relationship between rational
Social networks is tenuous, and the person feels no meaningful connection with the
others

Answer 11

RATIONAL GROUPS

Question 12

pioneered one of the most
prominent Sociological perspectives
of the self

Answer 12

CHARLES
COOLEY

Question 13

• An individual in a social situation imagines how they appear to others.
• That individual imagines others’ judgment of that appearance
• The individual develops feelings (of pride or shame) and responds to those perceived judgments.

Answer 13

LOOKING GLASS SELF

Question 14

known for the “theory of the Social Self”
the self is a product of social interactions and
internalizing the external (i.e., other people’s)
views along with one’s personal view about
oneself.
Self is not formed at birth but rather
developed through experiences

Answer 14

GEORGE HERBERT MEAD

Question 15

STAGES OF SELF DEVELOPMENT

Answer 15

PREPARATORY
PLAY
GAME
GENERALIZED OTHER

Question 16

Children in this stage are only
capable of imitating
actions of others (i.e. people they
particularly in contact with such as
their family members). They have no
ability to imagine yet how others see
things

Answer 16

prepatory

Question 17

enables the person to internalize
some other people’s perspectives;
hence, he/she develops an
understanding of how the other
people feel about themselves (and
about others, too) in a variety of
situations

Answer 17

play

Question 18

develops the ability to take into
account societal rules and adheres to
it. The self is developed by
understanding the rule,
and one must abide by it to win the
game or be successful at an activity

Answer 18

game

Question 19

children develop, understand and learn the idea of the common behavioral
expectations of the general society. They are able to imagine how they are viewed by
one or many. Mead pointed out that “self” in this stage is being developed.

Answer 19

GENERALIZED OTHER

Question 20

2 sides of self

Answer 20

ME
I

Question 21

the product of what the person
has learned while interacting
with others and with the
environment
The “me” exercise social control
over the self.
It sees to it that rules are not
broken

Answer 21

ME

Question 22

that part of the self that is
unsocialized and spontaneous
presents impulses and drives
It enables him/her to express
individualism and creativity.

Answer 22

I

Question 23

The study of human societies and cultures and their
development, it is concerned with how cultural and biological
processes interact to shape human experience

Answer 23

ANTHROPOLOGY

Question 24

is the set of unwritten norms of conduct
that guide the behavior of a group

Answer 24

CULTURE

Question 25

Three-Phased Rites
of Passage

Answer 25

Separation Phase
Liminality Phase
Incorporation Phase

Question 26

ASPECTS OF
HUMAN CULTURE

Answer 26

• Material culture
• NON- Material culture

Question 27

refers to the physical objects, resources, and spaces that people
use to define their culture. These include homes, neighborhoods, cities,
schools, churches, synagogues, temples, mosques, offices, factories and
plants, tools, means of production, goods and products, stores, and so forth.

Answer 27

MATERIAL CULTURE

Question 28

refers to the nonphysical ideas that people have about their
culture, including beliefs, values, rules, norms, morals, language, organizations,
andinstitutions.For instance, the non‐material cultural concept of religion consists of
a set of ideas and beliefs about God, worship, morals, and ethics

Answer 28

NON-MATERIAL CULTURE

Question 29

A human being has an individualistic nature and is an independent part of the universe and the society.

Answer 29

Individualism

Question 30

A human being is an integral part of the universe and the society.
People are fundamentally connected.
Duty towards all others is a very important matter.

Answer 30

Collectivism

Question 31

People construct their social identities from the siimilarities and differences in characteristics among individuals.
Social ___ may be attained by kinship, family membership, gender, age, language, religion, ehtnicity,
personal appearance and socioeconomic status.

Answer 31

Self-Identification

Question 32

a term coined to characterize interaction in which there is a discrepancy between the identity a person claims to possess and the identity attributed to that person by other.

Answer 32

Identity Struggles

RAYMOND FOGELSON
ANTHONY WALLACE

Question 33

___refers to all understanding and knowledge of oneself. The most influence in terms of ___ is family’s history, basically referring to the culture one has been brought up in, and the experiences he or she has undergone.

Answer 33

Self-concept