Pests Flashcards

1
Q

hormone that affects insect growth cycle

A

Insect growth regulator (IGR)

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2
Q

What is the most important thing to know if you want to control a pest?

A

it’s life cycle

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3
Q

Integrated Pest Management

A

process of solving pest problems while minimizing risks to people and the environment

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4
Q

7 elements of IPM

A

-Grow healthy plants
-Use resistant plants
-Keep a clean growing environment
-Remove factors that allow pests to thrive
-Biological controls
-Cultural controls
-Mechanical/physical controls

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5
Q

3 Biological Controls

A

-Predators
-Parasites
-Bacteria

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6
Q

2 Cultural Controls

A

-Irrigation practices
-fertilization

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7
Q

Pesticide

A

any substance used to kill, repel, or control a pest

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8
Q

Neem Oil

A

-safe to use on food
-leaves no residue on soil
-effectively kills pests and prevents powdery mildew
-Comes from the tree Azadirchta indica
-Non-toxic to birds, fish and bees
-Use on mites, aphids, mealybugs, scale and whitefly

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9
Q

bT

A

Bacillus thuringiensis
-a naturally occurring soil bacteria that when sprayed on plants is toxic to certain pest insects
-caterpillars, certain beetles, mosquitoes, black flies

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10
Q

Aphids

A

-Feed on new growth
-40-86 degrees, 80 degrees optimal
-Parthenogenic and sexual reproduction
-Nymphs and adults most susceptible to pesticides (eggs protected)
-Honeydew reduces photosynthesis with sooty mold
-Vectors for viruses

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11
Q

Controlling Aphids

A

-Syringe
-Isolate infested plants
-Squish
-Beneficials
-Insecticide

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12
Q

Signs of Aphids

A

-poor/distorted growth
-sticky honeydew
-sooty molds
-cast skins
-ants
-discoloration

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13
Q

Scale Symptoms

A

-Discolored stems
-Chlorosis
-Stunted plant growth
-Death of stem if infested
-Insects, waxy secretion, egg sacs

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14
Q

Scale treatments

A

-Proper cultural care
-Prune off damage
-Syringe
-Wipe off
-Insecticidal soap

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15
Q

White fly

A

-Resistance to pesticides forms quickly
-Good fliers, spread fast
-Sexual and parthenogenic
-76-86 degrees optimal
-Usually on leaf undersides

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16
Q

White fly treatment

A

-“syringe the shit out of it”
-Remove weeds
-Beneficials
-Insecticides

17
Q

White fly symptoms

A

-Tiny nymphs on the underside of leaves
-Sticky honeydew or sooty mold
-Yellowing, silvering, or drying leaves
-Deposits of white wax sometimes

18
Q

Mites

A

-Usually two-spotted spider mite
-Sexual reproduction
-Overwinter in cracks and crevices
-Hang out under leaves
-Form webbing
-86-89 degrees optimal
-Like hot and dry conditions
-Feeding deduces chlorophyll content, reduces photosynthesis

19
Q

Mite Treatment

A

-Reduce nitrogen fertilizer
-Syringe to raise humidity
-Eliminate weeds
-Beneficials
-Sprays

20
Q

Mite Symptoms

A

-tiny yellowish or bleached spots
-leaves turning pale bronze
-scorching around leaf edges
-leaves falling off prematurely

21
Q

Thrips

A

-Sexual and parthenogenic reproduction
-Nymphs and adults killed by pesticides
-Go for new growth and flowers
-76-86 degrees optimal, most rapid growth at 86
-Vector for many viruses
-Also eat pollen

22
Q

Thrips Symptoms

A

-Flowers or leaves may develop silvery streaks
-Heavily infested leaves appear brownish or silvery
-growing points may become contorted -sooty spots of black frass on leaves

23
Q

scouting for caterpillars

A

-pay close attention to susceptible plants near doors, vents and other openings -feeding damage
-frass
-Caterpillars have five or fewer prolegs on their abdomen

24
Q

cabbageworm

A

velvety green caterpillar approximately 1 1/4 inches long with a yellow stripe down the back and a broken line of yellow spots along each side

25
Q

Diamondback moth caterpillars

A

small, approximately 1/8-inch long, light green and mine leaves

26
Q

Cabbage looper caterpillars

A

light green, approximately 1 1/2 inches long, with white stripes down the back and along the side

27
Q

Armyworm

A

brown and stripey