MCH-BIRTH PROCESS

Question 1

4 P’S

Answer 1

Powers
Passage
Passenger
Psyche

Question 2

Beginnning
Increment
Acme
Decrement
End

Answer 2

contraction Duration
(How long)

Question 3

What causes the cervix to efface and dilate?

Answer 3

Powers - Uterine contractions and the maternal pushing efforts.

Question 4

Gynecoid
Platypelloid
Android
Anthropid

Answer 4

The 4 Main Pelvis Types

Question 5

The fetus, placenta, amniotic membranes and amniotic fluid
Fetal head, lie, attitude, presentation, and position
Version to turn the baby if needed

Answer 5

Passenger

Question 6

Answer 6

position

Question 7

presentatioin

Answer 7

Question 8

station describes the level of the presenting part

Answer 8

descent

Question 9

occurs when the presenting part reaches the level of the ischial spine

Answer 9

Engagement

Question 10

Leopold’s maneuver to determine fetal position and presentation

Answer 10

Question 11

Fetal accelerations ad decelerations

Answer 11

Variable decelerations
Cord compression

Early decelerations
Head compression

Accelerations
Okay

Late decelerations
Placental insufficiency

Question 12

when the provider artificially ruptures membranes
Very important to assess the fetal heart rate following the procedure due to the risk of cord prolapse. In addition, the color, odor, and amount of fluid are recorded.

Answer 12

Amniotomy

Question 13

used to determine if mother’s membranes have ruptured

Answer 13

Nitrazine test

Question 14

trial of labor after cesarean

Answer 14

TOLAC

Question 15

vaginal birth after cesarean

Answer 15

VBAC

Question 16

process of instilling saline solution into uterine cavity to relieve umbilical cord compression (variable decels), dilute meconium-stained fluid, oligohydramnios

Answer 16

Amnioinfusion

Question 17

(Stages of cervical dilation) Begins with onset of regular contractions and ends with complete dilation.
Latent (0-3 cm) –> Active (4-7 cm) –> Transitional (8-10 cm)

Answer 17

First stage

Question 18

(Stage of Expulsion) Begins with complete cervical dilation and ends with delivery of fetus.

Answer 18

Second stage

Question 19

(Placental stage) Begins immediately after fetus is born and ends when the placental is delivered.

Answer 19

Third stage

Question 20

)Metarnal homeostatic stabilization stage) Begins after the delivery of the placenta and continues for one to four hours after delivery.

Answer 20

Fourth stage

Question 21

Relaxation techniques
Effleurage
Sacral pressure
Thermal stimulation
Positioning
Diversion and distraction
Focal point, imagery, music, TV
Breathing techniques
Watch for S&S of hyperventilation and know corrective measures to take (p.171)

Answer 21

Nonpharmacological

Answer 22

hyperventilation

Question 23

Narcotic Analgesics
Demerol, Fentanyl, Nubain – may cause respiratory depression in mother or newborn if given too close to delivery
Narcan to reverse adverse effects
Local infiltration or pudendal block
Only relieves local pain, will not mask pain of contraction
Epidural and Subarachnoid Block (Spinal)
Blocks transmission of pain impulses to the brain
Can cause maternal hypotension and urinary retention
Blood patch to relieve post spinal headache
General Anesthesia
Reserved for emergencies or contraindications to epidural/spinal
Risk of aspiration to the mother and respiratory depression of the newbor

Answer 23

Pharmacological

Question 24

meperidine (Demerol), Fentanyl, Nubain – may cause respiratory depression in mother or newborn if given too close to delivery
Narcan to reverse adverse effects

Answer 24

Narcotic Analgesics

Question 25

Only relieves local pain, will not mask pain of contraction

Answer 25

Local infiltration or pudendal block

Question 26

Blocks transmission of pain impulses to the brain
Can cause maternal hypotension and urinary retention
Blood patch to relieve post spinal headache

Answer 26

Epidural and Subarachnoid Block (Spinal)