Other

Question 1

Using the referral below, name a disorder you might suspect.
Referral:
Pre-school or school aged
Difficult to understand
Having difficulty saying sounds (e.g., my child can’t say letters c, k, g)
Adding sounds to the end of words
Other patterns of error

Answer 1

Phonological impairments

Question 2

Using the referral below, name a disorder you might suspect.
Referral:
Difficult to understand
Produce words differently each time

Answer 2

Inconsistent speech disorders

Question 3

Using the referral below, name a disorder you might suspect.
Referral:
Child has a lisp and/or difficulty producing 1-2 sounds (usually /s,z, r/)

Answer 3

Articulation impairment.

Question 4

Using the referral below, name a disorder you might suspect.
Referral:
Child is described as very difficult to understand
Has difficulty pronouncing many consonants and vowels
Problems saying long words
Unusual sounding speech

Answer 4

CAS

Question 5

Using the referral below, name a disorder you might suspect.
Referral:
Described as being difficult to understand with slurred speech
Difficulty producing sounds

Answer 5

Childhood dysarthria.

Question 6

Describe behaviour modification.

Answer 6

Behavior modification is defined as “the alteration of behavioral patterns through the use of such learning techniques as biofeedback and positive or negative reinforcement.
Skinner noted that a reinforcer is a consequence that increases the likelihood of behavior to recur, while punishment is a consequence that decreases the chance.
The indications for developing a behavior modification plan can be for any unwanted, maladaptive, or aberrant behavior. It can also be used to teach and reinforce new, desired behaviors. In clinical settings, the treatment team utilizes the concept of operant conditioning to reinforce prosocial behaviors through positive consequences as seen in token economy, shaping, differential reinforcement of desired behaviors, and extinguish the undesired behaviors through negative consequences like an overcorrection, response costs, time outs