cardiovascular response to shock

Question 1

what is Cardiac Output (CO)

Answer 1

the volume of blood pumped by each ventricle of the heart per minute

Question 2

what is Stroke Volume

Answer 2

the volume of blood pumped by each ventricle of the heart per heart beat

Question 3

what is shock

Answer 3

An abnormality of the circulatory system resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygenation

Question 4

what is Hypovolaemic shock:

Answer 4

a type of shock caused by loss of blood volume
- haemorrhagic
- non-haemorrhagic

Question 5

what is Cardiogenic shock:

Answer 5

a type of shock caused by sudden severe impairment of cardiac function
– heart suddenly unable to pump sufficient blood to provide adequate tissue perfusion

e.g. severe heart attack (severe acute myocardial infraction)

Question 6

what is Obstructive shock:

Answer 6

a type of shock caused by physical obstruction to circulation either into or out of the heart

e.g. cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism, severe aortic stenosis

Question 7

what is Distributive shock:

Answer 7

a type of shock caused by excessive vasodilation and abnormal distribution of blood flow

neurogenic e.g. spinal cord injury
Vasoactive e.g. septic shock, anaphylactic shock

Question 8

what is tachycardia

Answer 8

heart rate over 100 beats a minute

Question 9

what is bradycardia

Answer 9

heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute