DF9 What Do The Molecules Look Like? Flashcards
What are isomers?
Two molecules that have the same molecular formula but differ in the way their atoms are arranged.
What is different about isomers?
They have different physical and chemical properties.
What are structural isomers?
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae.
What are stereoisomers?
Compounds with the same structural formula but differ in how their atoms are arranged in space.
What 3 ways can structural isomers arise?
Chain isomerism, position isomerism, and functional group isomerism.
What is chain isomerism?
Structural isomers that have different arrangements in their chains.
What is position isomerism?
Structural isomers that have their functional group situated in different positions.
What is functional group isomerism?
Structural isomers that have different functional groups and belong to different homologous series.
What are the two types of stereoisomerism?
E/Z isomerism and optical isomerism.
What is E/Z (cis/trans) isomerism?
Isomers with atoms bonded together in the same order, but the arrangement of atoms in space is different.
What are E (trans) isomers?
Isomers that have the substituted groups with the highest mass on opposite sides of the double bond.
What are Z (cis) isomers?
Isomers that have the substituted groups with the highest mass together on the same side of the double bond.
How can you convert an E isomer into a Z isomer?
A covalent bond must be broken and another reformed.
