Gas Exchange In Insects Flashcards

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1
Q

What insects can rely on diffusion alone?

A

-have to have a large surface area: volume ratio
-smaller animals

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2
Q

Why do insects have to conserve water?

A

-Have to create a moist surface for gas exchange so it can occur efficiently as they live on land.

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3
Q

What adaptations do insects have to counter water loss?

A

-water proof covering(exoskeleton) made of chitin with a waterproof cuticle.
-larger insects have a small surface area to volume ratio which minimises the area over water can be lost.

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4
Q

What is the order of a gas exchange system in an insect?

A

Spiricle ——> trachea ———> treacheoles.

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5
Q

What do the tracheoles do?

A

Deliver oxygen to respiring cells.

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6
Q

What is the spiricle?

A

A pore in the abdomen of an insect connected to the trachea which takes in gases.

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7
Q

What are some adaptions of the tracheoles?

A

-Have permeable walls ah I hate only one cell thick to create a short diffusion pathway.
-contain fluid at the end which the gas can dissolve in to make diffusion more efficient.

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8
Q

What are adaptions for the spiricles?

A

-have muscles which can open and close the spiricles to balance water loss.
-have gators inside spiricles to trap humid air.

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9
Q

Why do the spiricles contain hair inside?

A

To reduce water loss at it can increase the water potential gradient which we want to be as low as possible so less water vapour is lost by diffusion.

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10
Q

What is abdominal pumping?

A

When insects exercise vigorously they use muscles to pump the abdomen rapidly to take up more oxygen into the tracheoles.

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11
Q

Why do insects do abdominal pumping when exercising?

A

To maintain a steep diffusion gradient so more oxygen will diffuse in and more CO2 will diffuse out during exercise.

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12
Q

Why do some insects have ‘air sacs’ they can fill with gas?

A

So that if the environment is dry/ has a large water potential gradient they can keep the spiricles closed to prevent water loss.

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