20th Century Medicine (No WW1) Flashcards
When did Fleming discover penicillin?
1928
Who discovered how to mass produce penicillin?
Howard Florey & Ernst Chain
Name two factors which enabled penicillin to be discovered.
Science and Technology
War
Government
Individuals
What is a magic bullet?
A specific medication which treats an specific illness but does not cause any other harm.
Who discovered the first magic bullet?
Paul Ehrlich - Salvarsan 606 in 1909 which treated syphilis.
What was the National Insurance Act of 1911?
Government backed health insurance. Employer, employee and government all contributed. Not compulsory so many were not covered.
When did Beveridge introduce his report? (The Report that stated too much poverty in Britain & pushing for a welfare state to look after people)
1942 - It highlighted five giants. Poor health was one of them.
Who introduced the NHS in 1948
Bevan (Minister for Health)
Initially faced a lot of opposition from doctors, but provided help “from the cradle to the grave”.
Name two machines which were introduced in the 20th Century.
X-Rays
MRI
CAT scans
Ultrasounds
Name two surgical techniques developed in the 20th Century.
Keyhole Surgery
Microsurgery
Transplant Surgery
Who discovered DNA?
Crick and Watson in 1953.
Whose X-Ray photograph was used to help with the discovery of DNA?
Rosalind Franklin
How could knowledge of DNA change medicine.
Targeted cancer treatments.
Genetic diseases
Gene therapy
What was the Human Genome Project?
Started in 1986. Aimed to map
all human DNA. Completed in 2001.
When was the electron microscope developed?
1931
