Viral exanthema

Question 1

What is viral exanthema?

Answer 1

Widespread skin rash accompanying a viral illness

Question 2

Describe the epidemiology of viral exanthema

Answer 2

• Very common during childhood → especially chickenpox (varicella), measles, rubella
• Immunizations have decreased the number of cases of measles, mumps, rubella, and chickenpox

Question 3

What are the causes/ risk factors for viral exanthema?

Answer 3

• Measles (rubeola) 
• Rubella (German measles) 
• Varicella (or chickenpox) 
• Fifth disease 
• Roseola 

Question 4

What are the presenting symptoms/ signs of viral exanthema?

Answer 4

1. Spots or Blotches on skin with Widespread Rash
   - More likely to occur on trunk
2. Fever
3. Malaise
4. Headache
5. Loss of Appetite
6. Muscular aches and pains

Question 5

What investigations are used to diagnose/ monitor viral exanthema?

Answer 5

1. Viral Swab
2. Blood Tests

Question 6

How is viral exanthema managed?

Answer 6

1. Antipyretics → paracetamol
2. Moisturising emollients to reduce itch