Explanations for forgetting: Interference Flashcards

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1
Q

What is interference?

A

When one memory disrupts the ability to recall another memory

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2
Q

What are the 2 types of interference?

A

Proactive interference and retroactive interference

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3
Q

What is proactive interference?

A

When past learning interferes with current attempts to learn something

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4
Q

What is retroactive interference?

A

When current learning interferes with past learning

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5
Q

What increases the chance of interference?

A

If current and past information is similar

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6
Q

What type of athletes did Baddeley and Hitch conduct an interference study on?

A

Rugby players

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7
Q

What was Baddeley and Hitch’s interference task?

A

Asking rugby players to recall the names of the rival teams they played in a rugby season

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8
Q

What was the independent variable in Baddeley and Hitch’s interference study?

A

How many games the players had played in

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9
Q

What did Baddeley and Hitch find in their interference study?

A

The players who played more games forgot more of the rival team names

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10
Q

What did McGeoch and McDonald find?

A

Out of 6 groups who learnt an original list of words and then another word list (synonyms, antonyms etc.), those who recalled synonyms performed the worst

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11
Q

What are the 4 interference AO3 points?

A

1) Supporting research from McGeoch + McDonald
2) Criticism of McGeoch + McDonald’s study
3) Advertisment RWA
4) Individual differences

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12
Q

How long was the gap between learning word lists in McGeoch and McDonald’s study?

A

10-20 minutes

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13
Q

What does McGeoch and McDonald’s study lack?

A

Mundane realism

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14
Q

Why is McGeoch and McDonald’s study unrealistic?

A

Because the time between learning and recall is usually much greater than 20 minutes

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15
Q

What does the use of a lab study in McGeoch and McDonald’s study exaggerate?

A

The presence of interference

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16
Q

Who conducted a study on advertisement and interference?

A

Danahar

17
Q

What did Danahar find?

A

That participants recall and recognition of an advertiser’s message was impaired when exposed to 2 adverts from competing brands within a week

18
Q

How did interference theory help advertisers?

A

Suggests that having adverts shown multiple times in a shorter time frame enhances memory

19
Q

Who studied the role of individual differences in interference theory?

A

Kane and Engle

20
Q

What was the ‘individual difference’ in Kane and Engle’s study?

A

Whether their working memory span was good or bad

21
Q

How many word lists were Kane and Engle’s particpants given?

A

3

22
Q

In Kane and Engle’s study, which participants experienced higher levels of proactive interference?

A

Those with a poor WM span