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understanding culture, society, and politics (2nd grading period) > Learning Guide 8: Education, Religion, and Health Institution (2nd Grading Period) > Flashcards

Learning Guide 8: Education, Religion, and Health Institution (2nd Grading Period) Flashcards

1
Q

It defines as “Various ways in which a society transmits knowledge, including factual information and occupation skills as well as cultural norms and values.” (Macions, 1993)

A

Education

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2
Q

It implies training or disciplining especially in what is hard to master. (Merriam Webster)

___ - Greek Word; “Schole” (meaning Leisure.)

A

School

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3
Q

The Beginning of Education:

A
  1. Apprenticeship
  2. Wealthy Family
  3. Monks
  4. New Machines and 3R’s (Writing, Reading, Arithmetic)
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4
Q

The 8 Functions of Education:

A
  1. Transmission of Culture
  2. Social Integration
  3. Career Selection
  4. Techniques of Learning Skills
  5. Socialization
  6. Rational Thinking
  7. Adjustment in Society
  8. Patriotism
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5
Q

3 Different Functions of Education:

A
  1. Functionalist Perspective
  2. Social Conflict Perspective
  3. Symbolic Interaction Perspective
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6
Q

It believes that when a part of society is working properly, each contributes to the well-being or stability of the society. (Henslin, 2011.)

A

Functionalist Perspective

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7
Q

It is the process of internalizing the norms and ideologies of society.

A

Socialization

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8
Q

Schools transmit cultural values and norms in civic classes, an example of which is the National Service Training Program or NSTP.

A

Cultural Innovation

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9
Q

Schools help to forge mass of people into a unified whole.

A

Social Integration

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10
Q

Formal Education helps young people to assume culturally approved statues and perform roles that contribute to society.

A

Social Placement

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11
Q

One function of the school that sometimes is not visible but has an effect is child care.

A

Latent Function

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12
Q

It links formal education to social inequalities, schools develop people’s individual talents and skills, but promote social inequalities based on sex, race, ethnicity, and social class.

A

Social Conflict Perspective

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13
Q

It refers to the attitude, values and unwritten rules in addition to the formal curriculum.

A

Hidden Curriculum

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14
Q

Also conflict theory discusses that intellectual quotient test creates inequality in education.

A

Testing and Social Inequalities

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15
Q

It is a society that requires a person to have a particular diploma or degree as a condition for employment.

A

Credential Society

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16
Q

It is sociological theory that develops from practical considerations and alludes to people.

A

Symbolic Interaction Perspective

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17
Q

It is another form of inequality.

A

Labeling

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18
Q

It means clustering of people together into classes or track.

A

Ability Grouping

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19
Q

2 Forms of Education:

A
  1. Formal Education
  2. Informal Education
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20
Q

It is guided by a systematic; organized education model.

A

Formal Education

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21
Q

It refers to the education that occurs outside the formal school system.

A

Non-Formal Education

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22
Q

The Four Characteristics of Non-Formal Education:

A
  1. Relevance
  2. Concern
  3. Focus
  4. Flexibility
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23
Q

3 Types of Non-Formal Education:

A
  1. Correspondance Course
  2. Distance Learning
  3. Opening Learning System
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24
Q

Participants are found in all age brackets and economic-social class.

A

Correspondence Course

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25
Q

It is based on Non-Contiguous Communication.

A

Distance Learning

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26
Q

Which offers students a flexible and self-governing way to study the program of their choice when and where they wish to study.

A

Open Learning System

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27
Q

To give chances for the out of school youth to finish their school at a convenient time.

A

Alternative Learning System

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28
Q

ALS is under the mandate of the ___.

A

Republic Act 9155 - Governance Act for Basic Education

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29
Q

3 Outcomes of Education:

A
  1. Productive Citizenry
  2. Self-Actualization
  3. Human Rights Education
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30
Q

The 3 Barrier to Education:

A
  1. Poverty
  2. Gender Inequality
  3. Suitable Infrastructure
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31
Q

It refers to any form of schooling that makes use of the languages that children are most familiar with.

A

Mother Tongue-Based Education Program

32
Q

“The states shall protect and promote the rights of all the citizens to the equality of education at all levels, and shall take appropriate steps to make such education accessible to all.”

A

(According to the 1987 Constitution Article XIV Section 1)

33
Q

It formulates, implements, and coordinates policies, plans, programs, and projects in the areas of formal and non-formal basic education.

It supervises all elementary and secondary education institutions, including alternative learning systems, both public and private; and

Provides for the establishment and maintenance of a complete, adequate, and integrated system of basic education relevant to the goals of national development.

A

Department of Education (DepEd)

34
Q

It describes various systems of belief and practice that define what people consider to be sacred or spiritual. (Fasching and Dechant 2001; Durkheim 1915)

It is considered as the oldest human institution.
It is a cultural system of commonly shared beliefs and rituals that has a sense of ultimate meaning.

A

Religion

35
Q

2 Words of Religion in Latin:

A
  1. Religio
  2. Religare
36
Q

It means “Respect for what is sacred.”

A

Religio

37
Q

It means “To Bind or Tie Back, in the sense of an obligation.”

A

Religare

38
Q

“The State recognizes the liberty and equality of all religion in the same manner as the Separation of the Church and the State.”

A

Malolos Constitution

39
Q

“The Separation of the Church and the State shall be inviolable.”

A

The 1987 Constitution Article II Section 6

40
Q

“Religion is the Opium of the People.”

Religion represents human self-alienation.

“Blessed are those who are meek for they will inherit the Earth.”

Religion is the hindrance to the development of capitalist ideology.

____ viewed religion as a tool used by capitalist societies to perpetuate inequality.

A

Karl Marx

41
Q

“Religion as Sacred as Profane.”

Social Theorist Emile Durkheim defined religion as a “Unified System of Beliefs and Practices relative to sacred things.”

We are confronted by the power of society everyday.

Totem could be an object or animal that becomes the heart of celebration or ritual.

A

Emile Durkheim

42
Q

What is Karl Marx’s Quote about Religion?

A

“Religion is the Opium of the People.”

43
Q

What is Emile Durkheim’s Quote about Religion?

A

“Religion as Sacred as Profane.”

44
Q

The 6 Functions of Religion:

A

Provides;
1. Answers to Questions
2. Comfort and Meaning to Life Suffering
3. Guidelines for Everyday Life.

  1. Promotes Social Solidarity
  2. Set limits on people’s behavior
  3. Leads to some changes in society.
45
Q

The 3 Dysfunctions of Religion:

A
  1. Justifies Persecution
  2. War and Terrorism
46
Q

It is an organized way of trying to explain the world around us.

It is an ideology or set of principles that help us to interpret our everyday reality.

This could be in the form of religion, political affiliation, philosophy, or spiritually, among many other things.

These beliefs are shaped and influenced by a number of different factors.

A

Belief System

47
Q

Examples of Belief Systems:

A
  1. Animism
  2. Monotheism
  3. Polytheism
48
Q

Since ancient times, people believed in ___, they believe that there are spirits in trees, rocks, mountains, and as well as people.

___ also worships their ancestors.

A

Animism

49
Q
A
50
Q

It is a belief in the existence of One God.

It comes from the Greek Word “Monos” (meaning One.) and “Theos” (meaning God.)

A

Monotheism

51
Q

Worship of Multiple Gods or Deities.

A

Polytheism

52
Q

It is viewed as an institution in which belief systems and rituals are analytically arranged and formally established.

A

Institutionalized Religions

53
Q

It became the official religion of the Roman Empire.

Its followers are the 1/3 the population of the earth.

A

Christianity

54
Q

Believe that their religion started with the ancient Hebrew prophet Abraham.

A

Islam

55
Q

The 5 Pillar of Islam:

A
  1. Recognizing Allah as One God.
  2. Ritual Prayer
  3. Giving Alms to the Poor.
  4. Fasting during Ramadam.
  5. Pilgrimage to Mecca.
56
Q

It is the oldest religion that dates to 4,500 years ago.
It is different from other religion because of;
- No Founder.
- No Sacred Writing.
- Do Not Picture God as a Single Entity.

A

Hinduism

57
Q

It is the state of physical, mental, and social well-being.

A

Health

58
Q

It is also known as the Study of Cross-Cultural Health System.

A

Ethno-Medicine

59
Q

It is a combination of psychiatric and somatic symptoms that are considered to be a recognizable disease only within a specific society.

A

Cultural-Specific Syndrome & Illness

60
Q

In the Philippines, ___ means unreasoning murderous rage by an individual.

A

Amok

61
Q

In 1876, the Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines, Jose Malcampo, coined the term;
___ for the behavior (From ___ – “To take an Oath.”) surviving into Modern Philippine Languages as Huramentado.

A

Juramentado & Juramentar

62
Q

In 1849, ___ was officially classified as a Psychiatric Condition. It is also sometimes
Considered one of the subcategories of dissociative disorders. (Cross-Culture Variant.)

A

Amok

63
Q

___ is a culture bound delusional disorder in which an individual has an overpowering belief that their sex organs are retracting and will disappear, despite the lack of any true longstanding changes to the genitals.

It is also known as “Shrinking Penis” and it is listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders.

A

Koro

64
Q

5 Types of Philippine Folk Medicine:

A
  1. Albularyo
  2. Manghihilot / Hilot
  3. Medico
  4. Magtatawas
65
Q

It is referred to as a General Practitioner, it uses Medical Plants and their understanding is usually based on Hand-Me-Down

Practices and Tradition.
Method of healing is through prayers, bulong, orasyon, and herbal plants.

A

Albularyo

66
Q

It concentrates on the methods and treatments applicable injuries, fractures, and musculoskeletal conditions.

___ in the Philippines is a Therapeutic Massage used in ancient times.

A

Manghihilot, Hilot

67
Q

It is an Albularyo but adopts the Western Way of Healing.
It prescribes a traditional way of healing and gives prescription medicine.

A

Medico

68
Q

It detects illness through a ritual called Tawas.

Pagtatawas originally came from a chemical-crystalline double sulfate of aluminum and potassium – and early on, it is used exclusively for diagnostic ritual.

A

Magtatawas

69
Q

It is the method of treatment that involves research through a scientific process.

A

Western Way of Healing

70
Q
A
71
Q

Any form of medicine not recognized and practiced by Western Medicine.

A

Alternative Medication

72
Q

It is similar to acupuncture but here it is the use of fingers to treat ailments such as stress.

A

Acupressure

73
Q

It is the use of needles inserted at a specific point to stimulate, disperse, and regulate the flow of vital energy.

A

Acupuncture

74
Q

It is the use of essential oils distilled from plants.

A

Aromatherapy

75
Q

It can be defined as the employment of more than one medical system or the use of both conventional and ___ (CAM) for health and illness.

A

Medical Pluralism (MP), Complementary and Alternative Medicine

76
Q

4 Elements of Health:

A
  1. Availability
  2. Accessibility
  3. Acceptability
  4. Quality

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