Respiratory tract infections Flashcards
What is URTI
Common cold to epiglottitis
Any infection of URT - sinses, nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea nad upper bronchi (+ conjunctivae and ears)
What is rhinitis/rhino-sinusitis
Runny nose
Congestion
Tender sinuses
What is pharyngitis/tonsilitis
Sore throat, tonsillar discharge
What is epiglottiis
Stridoe, drooling, loss of voice
What is laryngitis/laryngotracheitis
Hoarse voice, cough
Viruses causing URTI
Rhinovirus
Coronacirus
Influenza
RSV (particuarly in young children)
Adenovirus
Enterovirus
EBV (glandular fever) - teenage years and people in twenties
Bacteria causing URTIs
Group A strep (bacterial tonsilitis)
Strep pneumoniae (ear infections and otitis media)
Ear mufflers in childrem:
Haemophilus influenzae type B (epiglottitis + influenzae0
Carynebacterium diptheriae - diptheria
Bordella pertussis - whooping cough
Anaerobes
Others causes of URTI
Candida
Toxoplasma
What is quinsy
Peritonsillar abscess
Need drainage
Presentation of diptheria
Fever
Sore throat
Swollen neck
Grey pseudo membrane on tonsils (can get grey plaque)
Skin lesions
Diptheria management
PIUBLIC HEALTH
Antibiotics
Antitoxins
Presentation of epiglottitis
Fever
Sore throat
Drooling
Stridor
More severe in children
Management of epiglottitis
DONT AGITATE PATIENT
keep child w carer
AW support vital - ENT/anaesthetics
Antibiotics
Bronchitis presentation
Viral LRTI
Cough, sputum, UAW infection
Viral - no antibiotics
Differentiate from pneumonia w normal CXR
How measuer risk of someone with pneumonia
CURB 65
Confusion
Uraemia >7
RR >30
BP <90/60
Age >65
