Photosythesis Flashcards

Plant and Fungi Diversity

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1
Q

Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle?

a) electrons and H+
b) ADP, pi, and NADP+
c) CO2 and glucose
d) ATP and NADPH
e) H2O and O2

A

d) ATP and NADPH

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2
Q

Reactions that require CO2 take place in

a) the Calvin cycle alone.
b) the light reactions alone.
c) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle.
d) the chloroplast, but are not part of photosynthesis.
e) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle.

A

a) The Calvin cycle alone

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3
Q

Why are C4 plants able to photosynthesize with no apparent photorespiration?

A

They use PEP Carboxylase to initially fix CO2

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4
Q

What wavelength of light is most effective in driving photosynthesis?

a) 730nm (red)
b) 475nm (blue)
c) 625nm (orange)
d) 575nm (green)
e) 420nm (violet)

A

e) 420nm

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5
Q

When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of

A

splitting water molecules

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6
Q

Photorespiration occurs when rubisco reacts RuBP with

A

O2

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7
Q

Compared to C3 plants, C4 plants

a) grow better under cool, moist conditions
b) do not use rubisco
c) have higher rates of photorespiration
d) make a four-carbon compound, oxaloacetate, which is then delivered to the citric acid cycle in mitochondria
e) can continue to fix CO2 even at relatively low CO2 concentrations and high oxygen concentrations

A

e) can continue to fix CO2 even at relatively low CO2 concentrations and high oxygen concentrations

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8
Q

A spaceship is designed to support animal life for a multiyear voyage to the outer planets of the solar system. Plants will be grown to provide oxygen and to recycle carbon dioxide.

If the power fails and the lights go dark, what will happen to CO2 levels?

a) CO2 will fall because plants will increase CO2 fixation
b) CO2 will rise as a result of animal respiration only
c) CO2 will rise as a result of animal and plant respiration
d) CO2 will remain balanced because plants will continue to fix CO2 in the dark
e) CO2 will fall because plants will cease to respire in the dark

A

C) CO2 will rise as a result of both animal and plant respiration

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9
Q

Plants photosynthesize only in the light. Plants respire

a) only when excessive light energy induces photorespiration
b) in the light only
c) never-they get their ATP from photophosphorylation
d) in the dark only
e) both in light and dark

A

e) both in light and dark

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10
Q

Where is the Calvin cycle located in a C4 plant?

a) bundle-sheath cells
b) mesophyll cells
c) stomata
d) stems
e) the chloroplasts in leaves

A

a) bundle-sheath cells

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11
Q

CO2 + H2O → [CH2O] + O2 represents the simplified equation for

a) respiration
b) chemiosmosis
c) photosynthesis
d) photoposphorylation
e) chemisynthesis

A

c) photosynthesis

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12
Q

In C3 photosynthesis, the reactions that require ATP take place in

a) the light reactions alone
b) the Calvin cycle alone
c) the chloroplast, but are not part of photosynthesis
d) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
e) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle

A

b) the Calvin cycle alone

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13
Q

Where do the enzymatic reactions of the Calvin cycle take place?

a) thylakoid membranes
b) matrix of the mitochondria
c) stroma of the chloroplast
d) thylakoid space
e) cytosol around the chloroplast

A

c) stroma of the chloroplast

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14
Q

If atmospheric CO2 concentrations increase twofold or more, how will plants be affected, disregarding any changes in climate?

a) C4 plants will have faster growth; C3 plants will be minimally affected.
b) C3 plants will have faster growth; C4 plants will be minimally affected.
c) Plant growth will not be affected because atmospheric CO2 concentrations are never limiting for plant growth.
d) C3 plants will have faster growth; C4 plants will have slower growth.
e) All plants will experience increased rates of photosynthesis.

A

b) C3 plants will have faster growth; C4 plants will be minimally affected

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15
Q

CAM plants keep stomata closed in daytime, thus reducing loss of water. They can do this because they

a) use photosystem I and photosystem II at night
b) fix CO2 into organic acids during the night
c) fix CO2 into pyruvate in the mesophyll cells
d) use the enzyme phosphofructokinase, which outcompetes rubisco for CO2
e) fix CO2 into sugars in the bundle-sheath cells

A

b) fix CO2 into organic acids during the night

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16
Q

What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?

a) use NADPH to release carbon dioxide
b) synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide
c) split water and release oxygen
d) use ATP to release carbon dioxide
e) transport RuBP out of the chloroplast

A

b) synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide

17
Q

It is a particularly hot, dry summer. The town has banned excessive water use and so you cannot water your lawn. After a few weeks the grass has gone brown, except a few patches where the grass seems to be doing fine. You notice that this grass has a broader leaf and is not the same species as most of your lawn. You conclude that this grass is a

a) C4 plant
b) C3 plant
c) a mutant
d) C5 plant
e) CAM plant

A

a) C4 plant

18
Q

Photorespiration lowers the efficiency of photosynthesis by releasing (rather than fixing)

a) RuBP carboxylase molecules
b) ATP molecules
c) ribulose bisphosphate molecules
d) 3-phosphglycerate molecules
e) carbon dioxide molecules

A

e) carbon dioxide molecules

19
Q

Where do the enzymatic reactions of the Calvin cycle take place?

a) thylakoid membranes
b) matrix of the mitochondria
c) stroma of the chloroplast
d) thylakoid space
e) cytosol around the chloroplast

A

c) stroma of the chloroplast

20
Q

Why are C4 plants able to photosynthesize with no apparent photorespiration?

a)They use PEP carboxylase to initially fix CO2
b) They are adapted to cold, wet climates
c) They exclude oxygen from their tissues
d) They conserve water more efficiently
e) They do not participate in the Calvin cycle

A

a) They use PEP carboxylase to initially fix CO2

21
Q

What wavelength of light in the figure is most effective in driving photosynthesis?

a) 730nm
b) 475nm
c) 625nm
d) 575nm
e) 420nm

A

e) 420nm

22
Q

CO2 + H2O → [CH2O] + O2 represents the simplified equation for…

a) respiration
b) chemiosmosis
c) photosynthesis
d) photophosphorylation
e) chemisynthesis

A

c) photosynthesis

23
Q

If the process of photosynthesis had never evolved on Earth, this planet would..

a) have no land and be primarily ocean
b) have no water and be dry land
c) be very similar to the way it is today
d) have no oxygen and thus no life
e) only contain anaerobic organisms

A

e) only contain anaerobic organisms

24
Q

The NADPH required for the Calvin cycle comes from…

a) oxidative phosphorylation
b) reactions initiated in photosystem II
c) reactions initiated in photosystem I
d) the citric acid cycle
e) glycolysis

A

c) reactions initiated in photosystem I

25
Q

Photorespiration lowers the efficiency of photosynthesis by releasing (rather than fixing)…

a) RuBP carboxylase molecules
b) ATP molecules
c) ribulose bisphosphate molecules
d) 3-phosphoglycerate molecules
e) carbon dioxide molecules

A

e) carbon dioxide molecules

26
Q

Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle?

a) electrons and H+
b) ADP, Pi, NADP +
c) CO2 and glucose
d) ATP and NADPH
e) H2O and O2

A

ATP and NADPH

27
Q

Which molecule(s) of the Calvin cycle is (are) also found in glycolysis?

a) B, C, and E only
b) 3-phosphoglycerate only
c) B, C, E, and 3-phosphoglycerate
d) E only
e) B, C, D, and 3-phosphoglycerate only

A

e) B, C, D, and 3-phosphoglycerate only

28
Q

In a plant leaf, the reactions that produce NADH occur in

a) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
b) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
c) the Calvin cycle alone
d) the chloroplast, but are not part of photosynthesis
e) the light reactions alone

A

b) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle