Lecture 2 - Basic Concepts Pt1 Flashcards
What is the width of DNA?
2 nm
What is DNA made of?
Linear polymer fiber
What helix is DNA?
Double stranded
What are the 4 nucleobases of DNA?
Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
How many bonds are between A and T?
2
How many bonds are between G and C?
3
What is a genome?
An organism’s complete set of DNA, including all of its genes
How many DNA base pairs are there in a human?
more than 3 billion
How many total number of genes are there in a human?
About 21,000
What is a gene?
A sequence of DNA or RNA which codes for a molecule that has a function
What are protein coding genes?
Genes that are expressed to proteins
What percentage of the human genome are protein coding sequences?
1-3%
What are the noncoding genes?
- tRNA
- rRNA
- miRNA
- LncRNA, antisense RNA, pseudogenes
What is the function of tRNA?
Transfers amino acids to the RNA template to make proteins
What is rRNA?
RNA component of ribosome