Shoulder

Question 1

Scapulohumeral rhythm

Answer 1

• First 30° of shoulder occurs only at glenohumeral joint
• After that, for every 2° of glenohumeral abduction there is 1° of scapular upward rotation
• 2:1 ratio

Question 2

Sternoclavicular ligament

Answer 2

• Connects sternum to clavicle
• Posterior: limits anterior motion of clavicle during scapular retraction
• Anterior: limits posterior motion of clavicle during scapular protraction

Question 3

Costoclavicular ligament

Answer 3

• Inferior surface of medial clavicle to superior surface of 1st rib
• Limits elevation

Question 4

Interclavicular ligament

Answer 4

• Connects medial ends of clavicles
• On superior manubrium
• Limits depression

Question 5

Acromioclavicular ligament

Answer 5

• Connects lateral clavicle to acromion process
• Superior ligament and inferior ligament
• Reinforces joint capsule

Question 6

Coracoclavicular ligament

Answer 6

• Connects superior coracoid process to inferior lateral clavicle
• Lateral trapezoid portion
• Medial conoid portion
• Limits posterior motion and rotation of scapula

Question 7

Coracoacromial ligament

Answer 7

• Connects lateral superior coracoid process and inferior acromion process
• Roof over head of humerus
• Protects head of humerus by limiting superior motion of humeral head when upward force is transmitted along humerus

Question 8

Glenoid labrum

Answer 8

• Fibrocartilaginous ring
• Attached to rim of glenoid fossa
• Makes it deeper to help humerus fit in there better
• Increase joint stability and congruity
• Prevent dislocation

Question 9

Subdeltoid bursa

Answer 9

Between deltoid and joint capsule

Question 10

Subacromial bursa

Answer 10

Between acromion process, coracoacromial ligament, and joint capsule

Question 11

Glenohumeral ligaments

Answer 11

• Reinforce anterior capsule
• Superior: from supraglenoid tubercle to tip of lesser tubercle of humerus
• Middle: from anterior glenoid margin to lesser tubercle
• Inferior: from anterior and posterior aspects of glenoid fossa to inferior and medial aspects of humeral neck

Question 12

Corahumeral ligament

Answer 12

• Connects dorsal lateral coracoid process to the greater and lesser tubercles of humerus
• Reinforces superior portion

Question 13

Transverse humeral ligament

Answer 13

• Connects lips of bicipital (intertubercular) groove
• Roof over bicipital groove
• Keeps the tendon of the long head of the biceps in the intertubercular groove