Unit 5 Vocab

Question 1

Pastoral Nomadism

Answer 1

Relying on animals, moves with the herd

Question 2

Shifting Cultivation

Answer 2

Grow crops on a piece of land for one to two years then switches fields

Question 3

Market Gardening

Answer 3

Products grown close to a city and sold to local suppliers

Question 4

Plantation Agriculture

Answer 4

Commercial farming that focuses on growing one crop

Question 5

Mixed crop and livestock farming

Answer 5

Raises animals and crops that will often be used to help each other

Question 6

Linear settlement

Answer 6

Settlements along a line

Question 7

Dispersed settlement

Answer 7

Spead out settlements

Question 8

Clustered settlement

Answer 8

Close together settlements

Question 9

Metes and bounds system

Answer 9

Uses local geographical features and
directions to define boundaries of land

Question 10

Township and range system

Answer 10

land divided by in evenly
distributed rectangular shapes

Question 11

Long lot system

Answer 11

Farmers divided into long, skinny strips of land

Question 12

Extensive farming

Answer 12

A small number of resources and tools used on a larger piece of land

Question 13

Intensive farming

Answer 13

A large number of resources and tools used on a smaller piece of land to extract the most benefit as possible

Question 14

Colombian exchange

Answer 14

Movement of plants and animals between Africa, Europe, Asia and the Americas

Question 15

Second agriculture revolution

Answer 15

Began in 1700’s
Industrial Revolution led to increasing food supplies and
population growth
Increase and improvements in machines helped to meet demands
of growing population

Question 16

Green revolution

Answer 16

Third Agricultural Revolution
Occurred in 20th
century
Advancements in
science and technology

Question 17

Monocropping

Answer 17

the practice of growing a single crop year after year on the same land

Question 18

Monoculture

Answer 18

Different crops grown on land once a year each

Question 19

Bid rent theory

Answer 19

geographical economic theory that refers to how the price and demand for real estate change as the distance from the central business district increases

Question 20

Economies of scale

Answer 20

a proportionate saving in costs gained by an increased level of production

Question 21

Von Thünen model

Answer 21

economic model that explains how and what types of products farmers would grow and sell based on Transportation, Land costs, Type of intensity needed for land, and Product perishability

Question 22

Supply chain

Answer 22

the sequence of processes involved in the production and distribution of a commodity

Question 23

Desertification

Answer 23

Reduction of activity or production on land that is usually dry

Question 24

Slash and burn

Answer 24

relating to or denoting a method of agriculture in which existing vegetation is cut down and burned off before new seeds are sown, typically used as a method for clearing forest land for farming

Question 25

Agriculture soil

Answer 25

Fertile soil

Question 26

Salinization

Answer 26

the increase of salt concentration in soil

Question 27

Deforestation

Answer 27

Cutting down a large group of trees

Question 28

GMO’s

Answer 28

Genetically modified organisms

Question 29

Value added, specialty crop

Answer 29

plants that are intensively cultivated

Question 30

Food security

Answer 30

the state of having reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food

Question 31

Food desert

Answer 31

an urban area in which it is difficult to buy affordable or good-quality fresh food

Question 32

Substenance agriculture

Answer 32

Focus on supplying enough product for immediate family members