Lesson 2 Pharmacology (Part 2)

Question 1

Drugs circulate through to body through which system?

Answer 1

Circulatory

Question 2

What is drug halflife?

Answer 2

The amount of time it takes to eliminate half of the active elements of a drug from the body

Question 3

For drugs to work the must bind with a?

Answer 3

Receptor

Question 4

How do Antagonist receptors work?

Answer 4

By blocking receptor sites so the natually ocuring hormone cant bind to a receptor (anti-inflammatory drugs)

Question 5

Agonist receptors acts like?

Answer 5

The natuarlly occuring hormone

Question 6

What is the receptor theory?

Answer 6

The magnitude of the responce to a drug is proportinal to the number of drug receptor interactions that occur

Question 7

What are drug interactions?

Answer 7

When one drug alters the effect another drug (can be additive or inhibitive)

Question 8

What are examples of hypersensitivity?

Answer 8

Allergic reactions

Question 9

Chronic use of Tylenol is linked to?

Answer 9

Liver damage

Question 10

Alcohol with NSAIDs is linked to?

Answer 10

GI bleeding

Question 11

What are the 5 rights?

Answer 11

1. Right patient
2. Right drug/expiration date
3. Right dose
4. Right route
5. Right time

Question 12

Administering drugs is (definition)?

Answer 12

A single dose of medication to be used by a patient

Question 13

Dispensing drugs is (definition)?

Answer 13

Providing a sufficient quantity to be used for multiple doses

Question 14

What are the characteristics of water soluble medications

Answer 14

1. Have higher levels in the blood stream
2. Easily removed by the kidneys
3. Have a shorter duration of action

Question 15

What are the characteristics of fat (lipid) soluble medications

Answer 15

1. Accumulate in tissue compartments
2. Remain in the body longer
3. Have more prolonged effects

Question 16

What is the “onset of action”?

Answer 16

The ammount of time it takes a medication to reach its final drug compartment and receptor site

Question 17

____ soluble tend to accumulate in fat tissue and the slowly diffuse into the rest of the body

Answer 17

Lipid

Question 18

What are the two mechanisms that are important in protecting patients from medication toxicity?

Answer 18

1. Blood brain barrier
2. Placenta

Question 19

How does the blood brain barier protect the person from medication toxcity?

Answer 19

Prevents medication from entering the CNS

Question 20

How does the placenta protect the person from medication toxcity?

Answer 20

Its low rate of blood flow reduces the rate of medication diffusion

Question 21

What is are metabolites?

Answer 21

Active form medications that are metabolized into another active form

Question 22

Besides using the liver and kidney to eliminate drugs what are the other ways?

Answer 22

1. Breast milk
2. Saliva
3. Respiration
4. tears
5. Sweat

Question 23

What is phase 1 metabolism?

Answer 23

A change of the chemical structure of medication by oxidation, reduction or hydrolysis

Question 24

What is pahse 2 metabolism?

Answer 24

Conjugation of the medication with more water souluble groups. This reduces lipid solubility making it easier for the body to eliminate it