Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Parasitology > Intro To Parasitology > Flashcards

Intro To Parasitology Flashcards

1
Q

Parasite

A

Organism that lives in or on another host organism (without benefit to the host)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Parasitology

A

The study of parasites and their relationships to the host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Host

A

The organism that provides nutrients to another organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Intermediate Host

A

Development of some stages. Generally, the parasite cannot fully mature in this host.
This stage is necessary in some parasite life cycles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Definitive Host

A

Sexual stage develops (EX: toxoplasma in cats, parasite may finish its life cycle here)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Vector

A

Carrier that is not infected. (EX: mosquito carrying malaria)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Endoparasite

A
  • Parasites within the body.
  • Parasites that infects internal organs including: stomach, heart, intestines, lungs, kidneys, liver, and muscle.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ectoparasite

A
  • Parasites upon the body.
  • Parasite that infects the host in or on the skin.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ova

A

Egg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Larva

Hint: “caterpillar form”

A

Immature parasite form, there may be several larval stages in development of parasite.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cyst

Hint: “early caterpillar in cocoon form”

A

Dormant phase of parasite, usually very resistant to heat, drying, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Direct Life Cycle

A

Host acquires parasite infection by consumption/absorption of infective cyst/egg.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Indirect Life Cycle

A

Host acquires parasite infection by consumption of a transport host.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Prepatent Period

A

Time period between infection with parasite and appearance of diagnostic parameter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Zoonoses

A

An infection that can be transmitted between animals to humans (species to species)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Taxonomy

A

Science of organizing plants and animals based on characteristics

17
Q

Protozoa Phylum is classified by ___ organisms by their movement (3).
Name the parasites included (3)

A
  • Unicellular organisms classified by movement.
    1. Ciliate 2. Flagellate 3. Amoeba
  • Parasites:
    1. Giardia 2. Coccidia 3. Toxoplasma
18
Q

Giardia
What is it?

A

Unicellular flagellate parasite important in WA

19
Q

Giardia
How is it transmitted?
What is effect?

A

Transmission:
- Direct consumption of contaminated water or soil.

Effect:
- No signs to severe diarrhea.
- Possible zoonoses.

20
Q

Giardia
How is it diagnosed?

A
  • Fecal centrifugation (Zinc), or ELISA test.
  • Direct smear of fresh (<30min) fluid feces.
21
Q

Coccidia (Isospora)
What is it?
How is it transmitted?

A
  • Coccidia is an Unicellular parasite.

Transmission:
- Direct consumption of contaminated soil.
- Indirect by consumption of transport host.

22
Q

Coccidia (Isospora)
What is effect?
How is it diagnosed?

A

Effect:
- No signs to severe diarrhea/bloating.
- Common infection in puppies and kittens.

Diagnosed:
- Fecal float/centrifugation

23
Q

Toxoplasma
1. What is it?
2. How is it transmitted? (3)

A
  1. It is unicellular parasite of cats
  2. Transmission:
    - Direct consumption of contaminated soil.
    - Indirect by consumption of transport host.
    - 40% of cats are seropositive, but only 1% are shedding.
24
Q

Toxoplasma
1. What is it’s effect?
2. How is it diagnosed?

A
  1. Effect:
    - No signs to severe systemic disease (eyes & brain of cats).
    - Zoonotic risk to pregnant people and immunocomp.
  2. Diagnosed:
    - Fecal float.
    - Serology (blood test for antibodies).
25
Q

Pentatrichomonas hominis:
1. Disease
2. Geo distribution
3. Transmission
4. Diagnosis

A
  1. Colitis & chronic diarrhea
  2. Widespread in the US (WA & GA)
  3. Ingestions of trophozoites in feces
  4. Diagnosis:
    Flagellates in direct fecal smears
26
Q

Here are the five scientific names of parasite classifications:
1. Protozoa
2. Nematodes
3. Cestodes
4. Trematodes
5. Arthropods
What are their common names?

A
  1. Unicellular organisms
  2. Roundworms
  3. Tapeworms
  4. Flukes
  5. Insects & arachnids
27
Q

Nematode: Ascarids
Toxocara canis, T. cati, & Toxascaris leonina

  1. What are they?
  2. Transmission
  3. Disease
A
  1. Roundworms of the small intestine
  2. Transmission:
    - Direct from environment
    - Transmammary & in utero (puppies are born w this)
    - Indirect, transport host
  3. Disease:
    - Diarrhea, bloating, malabsorption, cough, possible death in neonates
    - Asymptomatic in some
28
Q

Nematode: Ascarids
Toxocara canis, T. cati, & Toxascaris leonina

Lifecycle

Hint: Adults can lay up to 85000 eggs/day

A

Lifecycle:

  1. Larva in infected host will travel thru the liver and lungs.
  2. Larva is coughed up & swallowed so it can mature in the intestines
29
Q

T/F: Ascarids cannot live long in the environment and are very easy to kill

A

False! They can live up to years in an environment and are very difficult to kill

30
Q

T/F: Ascarids zoonotic potenial threatens the eyes of humans

A

True! Ocular larval migrants.
Can be prevented with good hygiene, deworming, & covering sandboxes (litterbox to a cat!)

31
Q

Ancyclostoma (hookworms):
1. Disease
2. Transmission
3. Diagnosis

Hint: They can tear up organs & the host will bleed a lot :(

A
  1. Disease:
    - Hemorrhagic enteritis, anemia, pneumonia, & death (common in small animals)
  2. Transmission:
    - Infects dogs by skin penetration
    - Can use intermediate host: Transmammary, migrate thru lungs to cough up & swallow
  3. Diagnosis:
    - Anemia associated with eggs in feces
32
Q

Trichuiris vulpis (Whipworms):
1. Disease
2. Transmission
3. Diagnosis

Hint: This is the most common of the intestinal parasites

A
  1. Disease:
    - Bloody diarrhea, anemia, weight loss
  2. Transmission: Direct
    - Dogs infected by ingesting eggs from contaminated environments
  3. Diagnosis:
    - Eggs in feces
    They have a prepatent period of 74-90 days thus doing mult fecals a yr with puppies
33
Q

T/F: Trichuris (whipworms) eggs can survive in an environment for years

A

True

34
Q

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus:
1. Disease
2. Geo distribution
3. Transmission
4. Diagnosis

A
35
Q

T/F: Aelourostrongylus abstrusus definitive host is the fox but cats can accidentally contract it

A

True.
Foxes are the definitive hosts and cat are accidental hosts

36
Q

T/F: The racoon roundworm “Babylisascaris” can attack the brain of accidental hosts, like people?

A

True!

37
Q

Baylisascaris procyonis:
1. Disease
2. Transmission
3. Diagnosis
4. Geo distribution

A
  1. Disease:
    - Occasionally dogs affected by this parasite from racoons.
    - Typically no signs
  2. Transmission:
    - Eggs in soil must be ingested
  3. Diagnosis
    - Eggs or adults in feces
  4. Geo: Throughout US
38
Q

Trematodes Class
1. Shape
2. Movement in water
3. Common intermediate host

A
  1. Shape:
    - Flat leaf shaped parasites (flukes)
    - Ova have operculum or cap ends
  2. Larva are ciliated and swim in water
  3. Snails
39
Q
A

Parasitology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions