Other Flashcards
Monomer
the small molecules that make up a polymer
Glycogen
an alpha branched storage polysacch like starch but in humans liver and muscle tissue
more branched than amylopectin
Chitin
beta structural polysacch that is the exo skeleton of arthropods
Similar to cellulose but has nitrogen on each glucose monomer
carboxyl
Acts as an acid bc of the OH bond (polar)
hydrocarbons characteristic
nonpolar
big structure
hydrophobic
fats and lipids
Polysaccharides
lots of monosacchs linked together used for storage or structure depending on the monomers and linkage location
monosaccharides (groups)
a single sugar that has the equation CH2O.
They’re either a carbonyl or a hydroxyl group.
If the carbonyl is in the center of the skeleton it’s a ketose and at the end of the skeleton it’s an aldose.
Classified by size and spatial arrangement around asymmetrical carbons
How do monomers synthesize
covalent bonds form btwn monomers when a water molecule is lost
carbonyl (structure)
> C=O
ketones (carbonyl inside carbon skeleton)
aldehyde (carbonyl at the end of a carbon skeleton)
enzymes
macro molecules that speed up reactions
Hydrolysis reaction
water is added to a polymer and the polymer breaks down releasing energy
beta glucose vs alpha glucose
the hydroxyl bonded to the C1 is above for the beta and below for the alpha
cellular respiration
cells extract ATP from glucose
phosphate
Combines with adenosine to release ATP
cellulose
an unbranched beta structural polysacch that protects the cell wall of plants
