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medical terminology > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Integumentary

A

-ary: pertaining to

Integument/o skin

The integumentary system forms the barrier between the external environment and the internal systems of the body. In human ls, this system consists of skin, hair, nails, and related glands. The main functions are to protect, regulate, temperature, and provide sensory function.

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2
Q

Cutaneous

A

-ous. Pertaining to
Cutane/o. Skin

Pertaining to the skin

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3
Q

Subcutaneous

A

-ous. Pertaining to
Sub- below
Cutane/o. Skin

Located or placed just beneath the skin.

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4
Q

Dermatology

A

-logy. Study of
Dermat/o. Skin

The branch of medicine dealing with the skin and its diseases.

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5
Q

Epidermis

A

Dermis. Skin
Epi- upon; outside

The outer or top of skin, consisting of layer of dead cells that perform a protective function and a second layer of dividing cells.

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6
Q

Dermis

A

The thickest layer skin located below the epidermis. The demise contains blood and lymphatic vessels, nerves, glands, and hair follicles.

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7
Q

Avascular

A

-ar. Pertaining to
-a. Not, without

Vascul/o. Blood vessel

A lack of Blood supply

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8
Q

Intradermal

A

-al. Pertaining to
Intra- within
Derm/o. Skin

Within the skin. Intradermal injections administered into dermis, just below the epidermis.

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9
Q

Transdermal

A

-al. Pertaining to
Trans- across, through
Derm/o. Skin

Through or across the unbroken skin.

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10
Q

dermatitis

A

-itis. inflammation
dermat/o. skin

A general term for conditions that cause inflammation of the skin.

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11
Q

eczema

A

A common skin condition that causes itchiness, rashes, dry patches, and infection. It is not contagious

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12
Q

petechiae

A

Tiny red, flat spots that appear on your skin. Petechiae are a sign of blood leaking from capillaries under your skin

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13
Q

contusion

A

Another word for bruise. A contusion (bruise) is an injury to the soft tissue often produced by a blunt force such as a kick, fall, or blow. It does not break the skin. The immediate result will be pain, swelling, and discoloration

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14
Q

ecchymosis
ek-i-mOH-suhs

A

-osis. condition

A type of bruise where the mark is a 1/2 inch long or bigger

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15
Q

hematoma
hee-muh-tOH-muht

A

-oma. tumor; mass; fluid collection
hemat/o. blood

An abnormal collection of blood outside of a blood vessel. It occurs because the wall of a blood vessel wall, artery, vein, or capillary, has been damaged and blood has leaked into tissues where it does not belong. Hematomas may cause symptoms of inflammation including pain, swelling, and redness

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16
Q

necrosis
nuh-krOH-suhs

A

-osis. condition
necr/o. death

The death of body tissue. It occurs when too little blood flows to the tissue. This can be from injury, radiation, or chemicals. Necrosis cannot be reversed

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17
Q

pruritus
proo-rIE-tuhs

A

itis-inflammation
prurit/o. itching

itching. Pruritus is symptom of other conditions.

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18
Q

rhinophyma

A

-phý̄maa. swelling, tumor, equivalent.
rhin/o. nose

A skin disorder affecting your nose. It causes your nose to grow larger and appear red, bumpy, and rounded

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19
Q

xeroderma

A

-derma. skin
Combining form
xer/o. dry; dryness

Dry skin

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20
Q

hemangioma
hee man jee OH mah

A

-oma. tumor; mass; fluid collection
hem/o. blood
angi/o. blood vessel

A common vascular birthmark, made of extra blood vessels in the skin. It is a benign (non-cancerous) growth

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21
Q

papilloma
pap-uh-lOH-muh

A

-oma. tumor; mass; fluid collection
papill/o. nipple-like; optic disc

A small wart-like growth on the skin or on a mucous membrane, derived from the epidermis and usually benign

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22
Q

syndactyly
sin-dAk-tuh-lee

A

syn: together
dactyl/o. digit (finger or toe)

Fingers or toes (digits) are fused together (syndactyly) webbed feet or hands.

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23
Q

polydactyly
pah-lee-dAk-tuh-lee

A

-y. noun ending
poly-many, excessive
dactyl/o. digit (finger or toe)

Extra fingers or toes

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24
Q

verruca
vuhr-rOO-kuh

A

Warts; warts can be viral or fungi.

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25
Q

albinism
Al-buh-niz-uhm

A

-ism. condition
albin/o. white

Born with little or no pigment in your hair, eyes, and skin. The missing pigment is called melanin. Albinism usually causes your coloring lighter than is typical for your family’s or ethnic background

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26
Q

cyanosis
sie-uh-nOH-suhs

A

-osis. condition

cyan/o -blue

Bluish discoloration of the skin usually due to a lack of oxygen in the blood.

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27
Q

leukoderma

A

-a. noun ending
leuk–white
derm/o. skin

A clinical sign describing a localized area of white spots on the skin. Usually has an accidental cause

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28
Q

vitiligo
vit-uh-lIE-goh

A

A long-term condition where pale white patches develop on the skin. It’s caused by the lack of melanin, which is the pigment in skin. Often due to autoimmune response.

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29
Q

benign
(beh-NINE)

A

Not cancerous does not spread.

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30
Q

metastasize
muh-ta-stuh-size

A

Cancer that spreads

31
Q

neoplasm
NEE-oh-PLA-zum

A

-ous. pertaining to
sub-below
cutane/o. skin

New growth distinct from the tissue in which it occurs, May or may not be cancerous

32
Q

basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
bAY-suhl sEl kahr-suh-nOH-muh

A

-al. pertaining to
bas/o. base
-oma. tumor; mass; fluid collection
carcin/o. cancer

The most common type of skin cancer. Basal cell carcinoma begins in the basal cells of the epidermis. It grows slowly and rarely spreads to other body parts.

33
Q

malignant melanoma
muh-lIg-nuhnt mel-uh-nOH-muh

A

-oma. tumor; mass; fluid collection
melan/o -black

A melanoma is a cancer characterized by the uncontrolled growth of melanocytes, the pigment-producing cells in the epidermis.

34
Q

squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
skwAY-muhs sEl kahr-suh-nOH-muh

A

-oma. tumor; mass; fluid collections
carcin/o. cancer

A cancer that affects the keratinocytes of the stratum spinosum and presents as lesions commonly found on the scalp, ears, and hands Readmore about squamous cell carcinomas (SCC)

35
Q

psoriasis
suhr-rIE-uh-suhs

A

-iasis. condition, formation of
psor/o. itching

A skin disease marked by red, itchy, scaly patches.

36
Q

scleroderma
(sklair-oh-DUR-muh)

A

-derma. skin
scler/o. hardness

A type of autoimmune disorder. In this condition, the immune system mistakenly attacks and damages healthy body tissue. It leads to hard thickened skin.

37
Q

abscess
Ab-ses

A

A localized collection of pus, usually caused by an infection.

38
Q

acne
Ak-nee

A

A skin condition that occurs when your pores become plugged with oil and dead skin cells. It causes pimples, blackheads, and whiteheads.

39
Q

cellulitis
sel-yuh-lIE-tuhs

A

A common bacterial skin infection that causes redness, swelling, and pain in the infected area of the deeper layers of the skin. If untreated, it can spread and cause serious health problems.

Good wound care and hygiene are important for preventing cellulitis.

40
Q

folliculitis
fuh-lik-yuh-lIE-tuhs

A

-itis. inflammation
follicul/o. follicle

Inflammation of the hair follicles, usually caused by infection or irritation.

41
Q

impetigo
im-puh-TIE-go

A

A common and highly contagious skin infection that mainly affects infants and young children. Bacteria infects the skin, they cause sores. Symptoms include red, itchy sores that break open and leak a clear fluid or pus for a few days. The bacteria can spread to others if someone touches those sores or comes into contact with fluid from the sores

42
Q

dermatophytosis

A

-osis
dermat/o -skin
Combining form: phyt/o

A common fungal infection of the skin and nails that is caused by fungus known as dermatophytes. Dermatophytes belong to a group of organisms that are able to break down the keratin in tissues such as the epidermis, hair, nails, feathers, horns, and hooves.

43
Q

tinea capitus
tIn-ee-uh

A

Fungal infection or ringworm of the scalp

44
Q

tinea corporis
tIn-ee-uh

A

corpor/o. body

Fungal infection or ringworm of the scalp

45
Q

tinea pedis
tIn-ee-uh

A

ped/o. child; foot

Fungal infection or ringworm of the feet. commonly referred to as athlete’s foot

46
Q

onychomycosis

A

-um. structure
ungu/o. nail

Fungal infection or ringworm of the toenails and fingernails. Also called onychomycosis

47
Q

pediculosis
pi-dik-yuh-lOH-suhs

A

-osis. condition
pedicul/o. lice/louse

Lice

48
Q

scabies
skAY-beez

A

Human scabies is caused by an infestation of the skin by the human itch mite. It can be transmitted through skin-to-skin contact.

49
Q

abrasion
uh-brAY-zhuhn

A

An abrasion is a scrape or graze of the skin. An abrasion can happen to a person, as in a skinned knee, or to an object, as in what you get when you apply sandpaper to wood.

50
Q

blister
blIs-tuhr

A

A blister is a fluid-filled bubble that forms on the upper layers of the skin after rubs or burns on the skin

51
Q

callus
kAl-uhs

A

A callus is a spot where your skin becomes rough and thick after repeated pressure or friction.

52
Q

decubitus ulcer
UHl-suhr

A

Decubitus ulcers, also termed bedsores or pressure ulcers, are skin and soft tissue injuries that form as a result of constant or prolonged pressure exerted on the skin. These ulcers occur at bony areas of the body. They come when people are immobile and lay in one area for too long

53
Q

keloid
kEE-loid

A

combining form:
kel/o. tumor, fibrous growth

Overgrowth of scar tissue

54
Q

anhidrosis

A

-osis. condition
-an. without; lacking
hidr/o. sweat

Not being able to sweat. normally

55
Q

diaphoresis
die-uh-fuhr-rEE-suhs

A

-esis. state or condition
dia-across; through
phor/o. to bear

Excessive sweating without an obvious cause, such as heat or exercise

56
Q

alopecia
al-uh-pEE-shuh

A

baldness

57
Q

hirsutism
hUHR-suh-tiz-uhm

A

Condition where women have thick, dark hair on their face,neck, chest, tummy, lower back,buttocks or thighs

58
Q

onychomycosis

A

-osis. condition
onych/o. nail
myc/o. fungus

nail fungus

59
Q

allograft
Al-uh-graft

A

-graft. any tissue or organ forimplantation or transplantation
allo/o. other

Reconstructive surgery where tissue or an organ is taken from a donor.

60
Q

autograft
AW-toh-graft

A

-graft. any tissue or organ for implantation or transplantation
aut/o. self

Reconstructive surgery where tissue is removed from one part of the body and grafted on to another part of the body (same person).

61
Q

biopsy (Bx)
bIE-ahp-see

A

-opsy. visual examination
bi/o. life

A biopsy is a medical procedure that involves taking a small sample of body tissue so it can be examined under a microscope

62
Q

cryosurgery
krie-oh-sUHRj-ree

A

Procedure that uses freezing cold temperatures to kill abnormal cells or small tumors.

63
Q

debridement
di-brEEd-muhnt

A

Debridement is the removal of dead (necrotic) or infected skin tissue to help a wound heal. It’s also done to remove foreign material from tissue.

64
Q

dermabrasion
duhr-muh-brAY-zhuhn

A

-ion. process
derm/o. skin

A procedure used to exfoliate the outer layer of the skin.

65
Q

dermatoplasty

A
  • plasty. surgical reconstruction
    dermat/o. skin

Plastic surgery or surgical reconstruction of the skin.

66
Q

xenograft
zEn-uh-graft

A

-graft. any tissue or organ for implantation or transplantation
xen/o. stranger, foreigner

A graft in which the donor and recipient are of different species

67
Q

anesthetic
an-uhs-thEt-ik

A

-ic. pertaining to
an-without; lacking
esthesi/o. sensation

Type of drug that removes feeling or sensation

68
Q

antifungal
an-tee-fUHng-guhl

A

-al. pertaining to
anti-against
fung/o. fungus

Medication used to treat fungus.

69
Q

antipruritic
an-tee-proo-rIt-ik

A

-ic. pertaining to
anti-against
prurit/o. itching

Drug used to reduce itching.

70
Q

corticosteroid
kor-tik-oh-stIR-oid

A

-oid. resembling
ster/o. solid structure; steroid

Drug that reduces inflammation

71
Q

dermatologist
dur-muh-tol-uh-jist

A

Suffix: -logist. one who studies
Combining form: dermat/o. skin

A medical doctor with specialized training in treating diseases, disorders, and injuries related to the integumentary system and its accessory structures.

72
Q

esthetician

A

Suffix:-ian. having a certain profession.
Combining form:-esthesio. sensation

A trained technician who specializes in skin beautification.

73
Q

plastic surgeon

A

suffix:-ic. pertaining to
Combining form: plast/o. formation; growth

Surgeons trained to surgically improve the function or appearance of parts of the body through reconstructive or cosmetic surgery

medical terminology (7 decks)

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