Chapter 18: Essentials of Networking

Question 1

Host Types

Answer 1

Local Host - the machine you are working on
Remote Host - any other machine on the network

Question 2

2 types of platforms for Servers to run

Answer 2

1) Apache HTTP
2) Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS)

Used to store files, can have specific functions like:

File server, mail server, video server, print server, etc

Question 3

Client

Answer 3

A device that requests things from a remote host/server

Question 4

Resource

Answer 4

Things shared across a network

Question 5

3 Requirements for a Network

Answer 5

1) Defined and Standardized cabling, network cards, host connections
2) Addressing method for communication
3) Data sharing method

Question 6

NIC

Answer 6

Network Interface Controllers, define and label the machines on the network

Also breaks files into “frames” for transmission

Question 7

MAC

Answer 7

Media Access Control

Unique identifier, binary number but represented with a hexcode that uses 0-9, A-F

Question 8

Frame components

Answer 8

Destination MAC, Source MAC, CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check), Data

Question 9

Ethernet Types/Speeds

Answer 9

10BASE-T: 10Mbps
100BASE-T: 100mbps
10000BASE-T: 1 Gbps (1000 Mbps)
10GBASE-t: 10 Gbps

Question 10

Star Bus Topology

Answer 10

Central switch with hosts connected (hybrid topology)

Question 11

Bus vs Switch

Answer 11

Bus is older tech, simple repeater, sends signal to all devices that are connect

Switch is smart, uses MAC to only send signals to desired destinations

Question 12

Bandwidth (Hub vs Switch)

Answer 12

Hubs make devices all share the bandwidth, Switches give each device full bandwidth

Question 13

Segment

Answer 13

Connection between a device and switch, max 100 m

Question 14

UTP

Answer 14

Unshielded Twisted Pair - type of cable typically used in networking

uses pairs of cables
22-26 gauge copper
color coded
each individually wrapped while also in a sheath

Used in 100/1000BASE-T & 10GBASE-T Networks

Question 15

CAT categories

Answer 15

CAT 1 - Phone cable, 4 pins
CAT 3 - 10Mbps ethernet
CAT 5 - 100Mbps ethernet
CAT 5e - 1Gbps; 2.5 Gbps @ 100m seg
CAT 6 - 10Gbps @ 55m seg
CAT 6a - 10Gbps @ 100m seg
CAT 6e - Means CAT 6 and CAT 6a

Question 16

STP

Answer 16

Shielded Twisted Pair

Ethernet cabling that is shielded to prevent electromagnetic interference (EMI)

Works for direct burial, contexts with a lot of electrical noise (floor with tons of lights and equipment)

Question 17

Plenum

Answer 17

Intermediate spaces (ceilings, walls, floor) where cabling is run.

Requires special cable coating (NOT PVC) to protect against overheating, overheating PVC will spread toxic gas

Question 18

Jack types

Answer 18

RJ11 - telephone jack (supports 2 pairs of wires)
RJ45 - UTP (supports 4 pairs), wider than RJ11

Question 19

Jack Standards

Answer 19

T568A and T568B

Question 20

T568A Color Scheme

Answer 20

Pin -Color
1-W/G
2-G
3-W/O
4-Bl
5-W/Bl
6-O
7-W/Br
8-Br

Question 22

Fiber Cables

Answer 22

Immune to electrical issues

62.5/125 gauge

2 strands of fiber (input/output)

Uses lasers

Require a fiber optic switch and a fiber network card

Question 23

Distance of Fiber

Answer 23

2,000 m distance

Question 24

2 types of fiber cables are?

Answer 24

Multi-Mode (LED): bounces all over cable, dissipates, shorter distances

Single-Mode (laser): fast and direct

Question 25

Types of Fiber Jacks

Answer 25

Straight Tip (ST)
Subscriber (Square shape) (SC)
Lucent (2 prong) (LC)

Question 26

Half-duplex

Answer 26

Type of data flow for fiber - means data flows in one direction

ST and SC connections therefore needed 2 cables per connection
Lucent doesn’t

Question 27

Coax

Answer 27

Shielded core, rated by impedence

75 ohms

RG-59 (thinner, less bandwidth) and RG-6

Use F-type connector

Question 28

Broadcast Domain

Answer 28

Group of computers connected by switches

Question 29

Ethernet over Power

Answer 29

Uses electrical system to send connectivity

Question 30

Structured Cabling

Answer 30

Allows for safety, organization, and flexibility for growth

1) Telecom Room (central cable location, switches/hubs/patch panels/racks)
2) Horizontal Cabling (runs in plenum)
3) Work Area (where the hosts are)

Question 31

Solid Core vs Stranded Core

Answer 31

Solid is brittle, but better conducting - good for runs

Stranded is flexible, but weaker conducting - good for patching

Question 32

Equipment Rack Facts

Answer 32

Racks are all 19” wide

RU is Rack Unit, height measurement for components

1RU = 1.75”
2RU = 3.5”
4RU=7”

Question 33

Patch Panels

Answer 33

Attach solid runs at the back, RJ45 ports at front (may also have other ports, like optical)

Allows solid core cable to be permanent, but still provides flexibility for changes

Attaches using Punch Down block

Will have a Cat rating, make sure they match

Question 34

ANSI/TIA 606

Answer 34

Port labeling methodology

Question 35

Steps for Crimping

Answer 35

1) Cut cable
2) Strip .5”
3) Wire into ports (follow 568A or B)
4) Insert crimp and press down
5) Secure the boot
6) Test the cable

Question 36

WAN

Answer 36

Wide Area Network
Devices or LANs connected with routers