English midterm

Question 1

Protagonist

Answer 1

Has motivation/desire
Can have a flaw
Might need to learn something

Question 2

Antagonist

Answer 2

Not necessarily a person
A group or character, institution or concept that stands in or represents opposition against the protagonist

Question 3

Foreshadow

Answer 3

Writer gives an advance hint of what is to come later in the story.

Question 4

Metaphor

Answer 4

A figure of speech that compares two unlike things by saying one thing IS the other thing.

Question 5

Similie

Answer 5

A figure of speech that compares two unlike things by using LIKE or AS to make the comparison.

Question 6

Irony

Answer 6

A contrast between what is expected and what actually happens. It is NOT the opposite of what happens. It’s just not expected.

Question 7

Verbal irony

Answer 7

A character says one thing but means the opposite

Question 8

Situational irony

Answer 8

Situational irony is when there is a very different outcome than what was expected.

Question 9

Dramatic irony

Answer 9

Dramatic irony happens when the audience or reader knows more than the characters

Question 10

Symbolism

Answer 10

When an author uses an object to represent an abstract idea. Symbols in a story help to develop the main characters and themes.

Question 11

Oxymoron

Answer 11

Oxymoron is a figure of speech that puts together two contradictory terms or elements. The combination of these contradicting elements may seem to confuse the reader, but it actually makes sense. Sometimes oxymorons are humorous.

Question 12

Paradox

Answer 12

A statement of paradox is, in fact, a sentence phrase that seems contradictory, but is, in fact, profoundly true.

Question 13

Idiom

Answer 13

An idiom is a phrase or expression that typically presents a figurative, non-literal meaning attached to the phrase.
Idioms do not mean what they appear to mean.

Question 14

Allusion

Answer 14

A brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing, or idea of historical, cultural, literary, or political significance.

Question 15

Aside

Answer 15

A line spoken by the actor to an audience but not intended for others on stage

Question 16

Imagery

Answer 16

Creating a picture in the readers mind by making the reader, hear, smell, taste, or touch what is being described

Question 17

Motiff

Answer 17

A unifying element in an artistic work which helps to develop a theme, especially any recurrent image, symbol, character type, subject, or narrative detail. An image or picture that repeats itself. “Falling” in Catcher in the Rye.

Question 18

Literary non-fiction

Answer 18

Prose writing that presents and explains ideas or that tells about real:
People
Places
Objects
Events
It is an accurate representation of a subject which is presented as fact. However, it is generally assumed that the authors of such accounts believe them to be truthful at the time of their composition. So…the writing is true to the writer at the time of writing.

Question 19

Examples of non-fiction

Answer 19

Autobiographies, biographies, memoirs
Personal essays
Speeches
Letters, diary entries
Literary Criticism
Newspaper articles
Reviews (books, restaurants, bands

Question 20

How do literary non-fiction differ from fiction

Answer 20

The people, events, and places presented in nonfiction are real, not invented.

Nonfiction is narrated by an author who is a real person.

Nonfiction presents facts, describes true-life experiences, or discusses ideas.

Question 21

Why is non-fiction written

Answer 21

Nonfiction is written for a specific AUDIENCE, or group of readers.
Nonfiction addresses a clear PURPOSE, or reason for writing.

Question 22

Style

Answer 22

Style is how an author uses language. Style reflects an author’s personality.

Question 23

Tone

Answer 23

is the author’s attitude towards both the subject and readers. In conversations, you can hear a speaker’s tone in the way words and phrases are spoken. When reading, you can “hear” tone in an author’s choice of words and details.
Can be described in a single word

Question 24

POV

Answer 24

is ”who” is telling your story? First person, second person, third person?

Question 25

Perspective

Answer 25

is the viewpoint an author chooses. At what stage of knowledge are you in when you are telling the story? Are you ten recreating the wonder of getting a new sibling? Or, are you fourteen sharing a life changing experience that changed the core of who you are?

Question 26

Purpose

Answer 26

the author’s reason for writing. Common purposes are to:
Inform
Persuade
Honor
Entertain
Explain
Warn

Question 27

Narrative non-fiction

Answer 27

nonfiction tell stories of real-life events. Some narrative nonfiction is reflective writing, which shares the writer’s thoughts and feelings about a personal experience, idea, or a concern.
Examples: Memoirs and autobiographies

Question 28

Expository

Answer 28

nonfiction informs or explains.
EX: analytical essays and research reports

Question 29

Persuasive

Answer 29

nonfiction presents reasons and evidence to convince the reader to act or think in a certain way.

EX: political speeches/cartoons

Question 30

Descriptive

Answer 30

uses details related to the senses to create mental images for the reader.

EX: character sketches and scientific observations

Question 31

We read memoirs too

Answer 31

Become inspired based on life experience
Gain insight into different cultures
See things from another’s point of view (race, gender, war, illness, celebrity life, athletes)
Expose ourselves to other’s pain or triumphLearn about identity: (the coming of age memoir: The Diary of a Young Girl by Anne Frank, Angela’s Ashes by Frank McCourt, The Glass Castle by Jeannette Walls, Wild by Cheryl Strayed, Bossy Pants by Tina Fey, Breaking Night by Liz Murray)
Get answers to your problems
Extend your life beyond Springfield, NJ
Find someone with your beliefs
Know we are not alone

Question 32

Mood

Answer 32

the feeling the reader get
the feeling the reader (or listener) gets after interpreting the tone.

Question 33

Voice modulation/Inflection

Answer 33

is “change in the pitch or tone of the voice.”

Varying your tone throughout the speech – raising your voice slightly to indicate a question, lowering it to end a declarative sentence, speaking louder to indicate excitement or softer to express sadness – will help keep your audience awake and alert!