Land Use #5 Flashcards

1
Q

Define

Urban Land

A

high density areas with lots of development & infrastructure

Ex. New York Dallas

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2
Q

Define

Rural Land

A

low population density (<1,000/mi2); areas outside of a central city

ex Mooresville AL

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3
Q

Define

Suburban Land

A

low density areas surrounding urban lands

Ex. Garland

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4
Q

Define

Urbanization

A

Removing of vegetation to convert natural landscape to city

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5
Q

Pros of Urbanization

A
  • People live longer?
  • Decrease in fertility rates
  • Better access to medical care, education, & social services
  • Recycling is economically feasible
  • Conserve rural areas for wildlife
  • MFR - require less energy per person
  • Less driving

At least 3

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6
Q

Cons Urbanization

A

Huge eco footprints (easy access)
Lack of vegetation (increased erosion)
Water problems (floods)
Concentrated pollution & health issues
Excessive noise pollution
Affect local climates
CO2 emissions from cement production, machinery
Loss of carbon sequestration during deforestation
Landfills needed disposing trash from large populations
Urbanization prevents groundwater recharge, causing precipitation to runoff into local bodies of water

At least 3

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7
Q

Define

Urban Heat Islands

A

Structures, buildings, or roadways in urbanized areas absorb & re-emit heat from the sun more than natural vegetation or water

Causes can Low albedo & higher temperatures than surrounding areas

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8
Q

Define

Urban Runoff

A

Decreased infiltration in soil (due to impermeable surfaces)

Causes: Rain washes pollutants into storm drains and local surface water bodies

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9
Q

Urban Runoff

Urban Runoff Pollutants

A

-Salt (plant & insect death)
-Sediment (turbidity)
-Fertilizer (eutrophication)
-Pesticides (kill non target species)
-Oil & gasoline (suffocate fish/kill aquatic species)

Names all

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10
Q

Define

Saltwater Intrusion

A

Excessive groundwater withdrawal in coastal cities lowers the water table pressure, allowing saltwater to seep into groundwater

Can Cause: Freshwater contamination

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11
Q

Define

Urban Sprawl

A

Pop. movement out of dense, urban centers to less dense suburban areas surrounding the city

Ex. Moving to Forney from Dallas

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12
Q

Urban Sprawl

Urban Sprawl effects

A
  • Loss of croplands, forests, rangelands, wetlands, etc.
  • Increase in runoff, flooding, & pollution
  • Increase in energy use, waste, and emissions
  • Decline in urban businesses or profits
  • Decline in central city employment
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13
Q

Define

Urban Blight

A

City property starts to deteriorate due to
Neglect (abandoned homes/buildings)
High crime (graffiti, vandalizing)
Low economic support
High poverty rates (evictions)
New better sections of town

Can Cause Additional weeds, homeless, wild animals & Loss of profit to city

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14
Q

Solutions

A
  • Permeable Pavement Allows runoff water to get into Aquaifers
  • ** Rain Garden** Urban gardens being bulit to reduce runoff & provide homes for some animals
  • Public Transport Puts less cars on the road which leads to less harmful exccess & less roads which can be used to provide habitats
  • Build up not Down More space for other stuff + green/ garden roofs
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