Unit 5 Study Flashcards

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1
Q

What’s makes body cells?

A

Mitosis

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2
Q

What makes Gametes?

A

Meiosis

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3
Q

What do Body cells do? (Mitosis)

A

For growth and damage fix

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4
Q

How many [PMAT] in Mitosis and Meiosis?

A

(1) Mitosis
(2) Meiosis

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5
Q

When do Chromosomes don’t cross over?

A

Prophase 2

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6
Q

Alleles are the what?

A

A section on a chromosome

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7
Q

Phenotype

A

Is observable expression of a genotype
(Ex) tall plant

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8
Q

Genotype

A

A genotype is their sequence of DNA
(Ex) TT

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9
Q

What moves Chromosomes?

A

Spindle fibers from centrioles

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10
Q

Why doesn’t prophase 2 cross over?

A

Because allele can switch back if they cross over again.

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11
Q

What’s called reduction devision?

A

Meiosis

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12
Q

What’s called cell division?

A

Mitosis

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13
Q

Homozygous

A

BB or bb

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14
Q

Heterozygous

A

Bb

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15
Q

Diploid

A

Refers to two sets of chromosomes

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16
Q

Haploid

A

One set of chromosomes

17
Q

Locus

A

Position of a allele on a chromosome

18
Q

What do we do first when you have AaBb x AaBb and we want to find percent of bb

A

1) We make a punnet scare starting with just Aa and the other Aa.

2) Then we do the same but with bB.

19
Q

What CANT linked genes do?

A

Independently assort

20
Q

Sex chromosomes are…

A

X-linked

21
Q

Male

A

XY

22
Q

Female

A

XX

23
Q

X-linked recessive Female

A

X^h X^h

24
Q

X-linked with disease Male

A

X^h Y

25
Q

To show a recessive trait what must the genotype be?

A

Two lower case
Ex) oo or bb

26
Q

If a pedigree shows most males have the disease and it in half of the generations then..

A

It’s a sex linked dominant genotype

27
Q

If pedigree shows: less than half have the disease and both Female and Male have it

A

Autosomal recessive

28
Q

Males get what from dad and mom

A

Dad gives Y and Mom gives X

29
Q

Females get what form dad and mom

A

Get both X’s

30
Q

Multiple Genes

A

Means multiple of Genes needed to make one trait

31
Q

Non-nuclear (Mitochondrial) Inheritance

A

Means passed from mother

32
Q

Incomplete Dominace

A
  1. Blending together
  2. Heterozygous recessive
    (Ex) rr x yy = ry
    Shows both red and yellow= orange
  3. Shows a third phenotype
33
Q

Codominance

A

1.Both Alleles are expressed equally
2.neither dominant or recessive

34
Q

How many h do females need?

A

2 because they have two X chromosomes so need 2 h to get hemophilia unlike males

35
Q

Homologous Chromosomes

A

Chromosomes that are exactly the same as parents

36
Q

[PMAT] 2 divides what?

A

Sister chromatids into 23 each

37
Q

Independent Assortment

A

Alleles of two different genes will independently move into two daughter cells, unless linked in one chromosome then they will be inherited together.