serotonin

Question 1

serotonin syndrome?

Answer 1

when an individual is given medication such as SSRIs in too high doses.

this causes too much serotonin to be in the body and is a form of poisoning.

causes tachycardia, headaches, extreme fatigue, weakness.

Question 2

what is serotonin synthesised from?

Answer 2

trytophan

Question 3

synthesis of serotonin.

Answer 3

1. trytophan - hydroxyl —-trytophan hydroxylase —-> 5-HTO.
2. 5-HTO - carboxyl —–5HT decarboxylase—>
   serotonin.

Question 4

how is serotonin removed from synapse?

Answer 4

1. by reuptake.
2. degradation by MAO.

Question 5

where are serotonergic nuclei located?

Answer 5

1. midline raphe.
2. caudal raphe nuclei.
3. rostral raphe.

Question 6

what is the rate-limiting enzyme in 5HT synthesis?

Answer 6

TPH.

Question 7

what are the 2 types of genes that code for TPH?

Answer 7

1. TPH1- expressed in periphery.
2. TPH2 - expressed preferentially in the brain.

Question 8

how can levels of 5HT be altered in the brain?

Answer 8

1. drugs.
2. low-tryptophan diet.

Question 9

what are the 2 isoforms of MAO?

Answer 9

1. MAOA.
2. MAOB.

Question 10

What are MAOI used to treat?

Answer 10

depression

Question 11

what receptors are 5-HT1A, B and D?

Answer 11

presyn metabo receptors.

Question 12

what receptors are 5HT1E-F and 5HT2A-2C?

Answer 12

postsyn metabo receptors.

Question 13

what receptors are 5-HT3?

Answer 13

ionotropic.

Question 14

what does cocaine block?

Answer 14

Cocaine blocks the 3 transporters and thereby blocks reuptake of all 3 NTS after normal vesicular release.

Question 15

which serotonin receptor is permeable for ca2+?

Answer 15

5-HT3.