1.5 Predation Flashcards

1
Q

EXAM QUESTION:

stickleback
freshwater shrimp mayfly lava
single-celled producer

Use the diagram to explain the likely effect of a sudden decrease in the stickleback population on the population of mayfly larvae.

A
1. (With fewer fish) reduced
predation / not being eaten
results in more freshwater
shrimps;
2. Increased competition for
food/resources / more
producers eaten by shrimps /
more shrimps eating
producers;
3. Less food/resources for mayfly
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2
Q

Define predator

A

An organism that consumes another organism (prey)

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3
Q

Define prey

A

An organism that is consumed by another organism (predator)

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4
Q

Define predation

A

When one organism is consumed by another.

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5
Q

In laboratory habitat? (4)

A

Prey exterminated by predator:
Small range and variety
No refuges/hiding places
Less chance of survival

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6
Q

In natural habitat? (4)

A

Prey population decreased by predator, not exterminated
Great range and variety
Many refuges/hiding places
Greater chance of survival

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7
Q

Why are predation investigations unreliable? (2)

A

Laboratory results - do not reflect what happens in the wild.
Natural results - impossible to count every organism

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8
Q

Describe the effect of predator-prey relationships on population size (4)

A
  1. Predators eat prey, prey population decreases
  2. Competition increases, predator population decreases
  3. Fewer predators, prey population increases
  4. More prey, predator population increases
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9
Q

Cyclic fluctuations create? most?

Also caused by? (2)

A

Selection pressure, advantageous alleles remain in population.
Disease, climatic factors.

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