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CNUR 103 > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

a/an

A

without, none

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2
Q

micro

A

small

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3
Q

macro

A

large

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4
Q

mega/megly

A

enlarged

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5
Q

it is

A

inflammation

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6
Q

osis

A

abnormal condition

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7
Q

ectomyw

A

cut or remove

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8
Q

atomy

A

to cut into

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9
Q

ostomy

A

creat opening

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10
Q

encephalo

A

Brian

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11
Q

entero

A

large intestine

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12
Q

hepato

A

liver

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13
Q

dermo

A

skin

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14
Q

osteo

A

bone

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15
Q

cyst

A

bladder

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16
Q

Leuko

A

white

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17
Q

oma

A

Tumour

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18
Q

lipo

A

fat

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19
Q

myo

A

muscle

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20
Q

cardiac

A

heart

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21
Q

endo

A

within

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22
Q

5 stages in nursing process

A

assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implantation, evaluation

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23
Q

Assessment inclues

A

-collecting subjective, objective data, organizing it, validating it, and documenting it

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24
Q

nursing diagnosis involves

A

-why, problems, risks, strength, prevention, and resolution

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25
Q

difference between nursing diagnosis and medical

A

nursing is concerned with the impact of the health challenge on the whole person, and their responses to health challenges

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26
Q

SMART GOALS

A

Specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time sensitive

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27
Q

planning involves

A

-patient centered, specific goals, desired outcomes, nursing interventions

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28
Q

Implementing involves

A

-reassessing client, resources, nursing intervention

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29
Q

Evaluation

A

-data collection, relate nursing action to client goal and outcome, draw conclusion about problems

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30
Q

inductive reasoning

A

specific to general

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31
Q

deductive

A

general to specific

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32
Q

Internal process of developing critical thinking

A

reflect on values, assumptions, and thinking

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33
Q

local infection

A

stays in one spot

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34
Q

systemic infection

A

spreads

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35
Q

Asepsis

A

the practices which make an environment free of bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms

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36
Q

Medical asepsis is

A

the clean technique prating to reduce the number and spread of microorganisms

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37
Q

surgical asepsis

A

Also known as “sterile technique”
Prevents contamination during invasive medical procedures
Aims to create a sterile environment to reduce the risk of infections

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38
Q

nosocomial infections

A

infections that were obtained at the hostpital

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39
Q

what percentage of common infections are spread by healthcare workers

A

80%

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40
Q

reservoir

A

-the place where infectious agent can survive (ex. humans, animals, environment)

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41
Q

Portal of exit

A

Respiratory droplets (cough, sneeze)
Gastrointestinal tract (feces)
Genitourinary tract (STIs, urine)
Skin lesions
Blood
Direct contact

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42
Q

Mode of Transmission

A

contact, droplet, airborne, vehicle, vector

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43
Q

Contact

A

-Direct or indirect

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44
Q

Droplet

A

-fall 1 m
-land on nose or oral of new host
-transfers through something like sneezing

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45
Q

Airborne

A

-carried by microorganisms that stay in the air, they are inhaled

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46
Q

Vehicle

A

-Contaminated source such as food, IV fluid, Water, blood, or equipment

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47
Q

PPE

A

-gloves, gowns, goggles, facesheilds, masks, shoe coves

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48
Q

Contact precautions

A

-private room
-HH
-gloves
-gown
-only transport when essential

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49
Q

Droplet precautions

A

-maintain at least 6 feet if patient is sharing rooms
-HH
-Gloves and eye protection
-transport only when essential

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50
Q

Portal entry

A

-Resp, GU and GI tract, open wounds, mucous membrane, parenteral route

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50
Q

airborne precaution

A

-door must be closed
-HH
-N-95

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51
Q

wash hands …

A

before interacting with patient, before procedure, after body fluid exposure, when leaving

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52
Q

Susceptibility

A

the state or fact of being likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing.

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53
Q

Contact transmission

A

direct or indirect

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54
Q

Chain of infection

A

infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, vehicle, total of entry, suspectible host

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55
Q

Iatrogenic infection

A

an infection after medical or surgical management, whether or not the patient was hospitalized.

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56
Q

W in Wholistic stands for

A

WHolis: how can we provide wholistic care for you

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57
Q

H in holism stands for

A

History

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58
Q

o in wholistic

A

options,

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59
Q

L in wholism

A

logistics, what can help you understand and safety find access through this journey

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60
Q

E stands for

A

environment, how we comfort you

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61
Q

C stands for

A

care

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62
Q

Subjective questions

A

What we are told by the patients

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63
Q

Objective questions

A

What we can see

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64
Q

Primary assessment

A

client interview, observation, vital signs

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65
Q

secondary assessment

A

healthcare team, medical records, scientific literature,

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66
Q

Specific immunity

A

targets specific pathogens based on the person’s exposure to antigens

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67
Q

Nonspecific immunity

A

provides immediate, generalized protection

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68
Q

In documentation what do you do with a late entry

A

Label the entry “Late Entry” to indicate it is out of sequence.
Record time and date of entry.
In body of entry, record time and date it should have been made

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69
Q

what to do when you make an error

A

cross out and write error

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70
Q

When documenting it is important to

A

-be factual, specific, accurate, complete, and organized

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71
Q

When doing hygiene one must know

A

-what products are being used
-why they are being used
-how to properly use them

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71
Q

Bathing options

A

Shower: stand-up or sit-down with shower chair
Tub- see agency policy for water temp
Complete bed bath
Partial bed bath
Bag bath
Partial bath at sink or with basin

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72
Q

When brushing hair what are you looking for

A

hair loss, lice, dandruff and dermatitis

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73
Q

Oral care involves

A

Brushing (don’t forget to brush the tongue!)
Flossing
Rinsing
Lip care

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74
Q

Denture care

A

Best to have patient remove their own dentures
If nurse is to remove, use a piece of gauze to improve grip
Can be cleansed with toothpaste/water or commercial product
Store in a denture cup labelled with patient name
After cleaning dentures, don’t forget to clean and assess gums
Handle with care- dentures are expensive!
Do not accidentally put them in the water cup!!!

75
Q

Women perineal care involves cleansing

A

Upper inner thighs
Labia majora
Folds between the labia majora and minora
positioning for female peri-care ideal is dorsal recumbent

76
Q

Men perineal care involves cleansing

A

upper inner thighs
Penis
Scrotum
Uncircumcised men, the foreskin of the penis is retracted in order that the glans of the
penis can be properly washed and dry. **WHEN DONE foreskin is rolled back into place **

77
Q

incontinance products

A

Attends
Mesh panties
Pull ups
Pad inserts
Pads

78
Q

Enamel

A

a glassy substance used to coat the surface of metal, glass, or pottery.

79
Q

Xerostomia

A

the sensation of oral dryness, which can result from diminished saliva production

80
Q

Pediculosis

A

an infestation of the hairy parts of the body or clothing with the eggs, larvae or adults of lice.

81
Q

Plaque

A

an ornamental tablet, typically of metal, porcelain, or wood, that is fixed to a wall or other surface in commemoration of a person or event.

82
Q

Tartar

A

a hard crust that forms on the teeth and consists of plaque that has become hardened with mineral salts (as of calcium) tartar.

83
Q

Stomatitis

A

swelling and redness of the lining of your mouth.

84
Q

charting by exclusion

A

a system for documenting exceptions to normal illness or disease progression, using a shorthand method of charting what’s usual and normal.

85
Q

emesis

A

vomiting

86
Q

erythro

A

red

87
Q

febrile

A

feverish

88
Q

hemo

A

blood

88
Q

glosso

A

tongue

89
Q

mammo

A

breast

90
Q

hepato

A

liver

91
Q

hystero

A

uterus

92
Q

Cyto

A

cell

93
Q

cyst

A

bladder

94
Q

cranio

A

skull

95
Q

carcino

A

cancerous

96
Q

athro

A

joint

97
Q

myelo

A

spinal cord

98
Q

natal

A

birth

99
Q

nephro

A

kidney

100
Q

onco

A

tumor

101
Q

oophoro

A

ovary

102
Q

orchido

A

testis

103
Q

oto

A

ear/hearing

104
Q

patho

A

disease, suffering, emotion

105
Q

procto

A

anus

106
Q

pyro

A

fever

107
Q

rhino

A

nose

108
Q

spleno

A

spleen

109
Q

stomato

A

mouth

110
Q

thermo

A

heat

111
Q

thoraco

A

chest

112
Q

xero

A

dry

113
Q

tachy

A

fast, rapid

114
Q

Super, supra

A

above, excessive

115
Q

sub

A

below

116
Q

pre

A

before

117
Q

post

A

after

118
Q

poly

A

many

119
Q

peri

A

surrounding area

120
Q

neo

A

new

121
Q

sub

A

below

122
Q

agia

A

pain, suffering

123
Q

cele

A

hernia, tumor, swelling

124
Q

Centesis

A

surgically puncture to remove fluid

125
Q

Cyte

A

cell

126
Q

desis

A

surgical fixation of bone joint, to bind or tie together

127
Q

ectasis

A

stretching, enlargement

128
Q

emia

A

blood

129
Q

-gram, -graph

A

a picture or record

130
Q

lysis

A

breakdown, separation, destruction, loosening

131
Q

malacia

A

abnormal softening

132
Q

ologist

A

specialist

133
Q

oma

A

tumor

134
Q

ology

A

the science or study of

135
Q

pathy

A

disease, suffering, emotion

136
Q

patient safety

A

The reduction of and mitigation of unsafe acts within the healthcare system, as well as the use of best practices shown to lead to optimal patient outcomes

137
Q

Cultural safety

A

is an outcome based on respectful engagement that recognizes and strives to address power imbalances inherent in the healthcare system. It results in an environment free of racism and discrimination, where people feel safe when receiving health care.

138
Q

risk for falls

A

Previous falls
Illness or infection
Hydration and nutrition
Medication
Vitamin D and calcium
Pain
Environment
Fear of falling
Inactivity

139
Q

Chain of falling

A

-fall, fear of falling, inactivity, wearing of muscles, increased risk of falling

140
Q

fall prevention

A

-hearing aids and glasses
-non skid socks
-staying active
-eat healthy and nutritious meals
-ensure your pain is under control
-have personal items in reach

141
Q

Restrains types

A

Physical restraint
Environnemental restraint
Chemical restraint

142
Q

physical restraint

A

is anything near or on the body that restricts movement. They are used when the client may interfere with clinical care or attempt to cause harm to themselves or the staff.

143
Q

Chemical restraints

A

a form of medical restraint in which a drug is used to restrict the freedom or movement of a client or to sedate the client

144
Q

when is restraints be sure to

A
  1. Assessing the continued need for
    restraints in the client
  2. Mental status
  3. Type of restraints used and location
  4. Circulation and sensation assessment
  5. Range of motion (ROM) exercises
  6. Skin integrity
  7. Food and fluid offered
  8. Toileting offered
  9. Education to client and family regarding
    restraints
  10. Include in plan of care
  11. Documentation frequency per agency
    protocol
145
Q

Pressure Ulcers

A

injuries to the skin and underlying tissue, primarily caused by prolonged pressure on the skin. They can happen to anyone but usually affect people confined to bed or who sit in a chair or wheelchair for long periods.

146
Q

stage 1 pressure Ulcer

A

The area looks red and feels warm to the touch.

147
Q

Stage 2 pressure ulcer

A

The area looks more damaged and may have an open sore, scrape, or blister.

148
Q

Stage 3 pressure ulcer

A

The area has a crater-like appearance due to damage below the skin’s surface.

149
Q

Stage 4

A

The area is severely damaged and a large wound is present.

150
Q

Semi fowler position

A

sitting up 45%

151
Q

High fowler

A

sitting up in 90%

152
Q

Supine

A

lying flat down

153
Q

NPO diet

A

nothing by mouth

154
Q

Clear liquid diet

A

water, tea, clear soda, gelatine, broth

155
Q

Full liquid diet

A

all fruit or all veggie juices, broth, strained or pureed vegetable soup, cream based soup, milk, coffee, milkshake, pudding, Herbert, ice cream, supplement shakes

156
Q

soft diet

A

eggs, mach potatoes, cottage cheese, baked fish, yogurt, soft fruit, well cooked veggies

157
Q

Pureed diet

A

fully blundered food with thickened liquid

158
Q
A
158
Q

What is Fit A for

A

healthy vision, skin, bones, and teeth

159
Q

what is B1 for

A

helps convert food into engird and is critical for nerve functioning

160
Q

what is B2 for

A

helps convert food into energy, and food for skin, hair, blood, and brain

161
Q

what is B3 for

A

helps convert food into energy and is essential for healthy nervous system

162
Q

B6

A

helps make red blood cells

163
Q

B7

A

food to energy and break down glucose

164
Q

B9

A

Vital for new cells creation and DNA synthesis

165
Q

B12

A

Breaks down fatty acids

166
Q

Vitamin C is for

A

antioxidants help make new cells and improve immune system

167
Q

Vitamin D

A

Strengthens and helps form bones and teeth via calcium and phosphorus

168
Q

Vitamine E

A

Acts as an antioxidant helps stabilize cell membranes

169
Q

Vitamin K

A

Essential for blood clotting and helping regular blood calcium

170
Q

Nutrition assessment

A

anthrometry, weight, BMI, Skinfold thickness, underwater weighing

171
Q

Normal BMI

A

18.5-24.9

172
Q

Nursing process

A

Assess, diagnose, plan, implement, evaluate

173
Q

Hirsutism

A

hair growth in body and face of a women

174
Q

Contact dermatitis

A

chronic ecsematoud rash

175
Q

5 A’s of obesity

A

A: ask for permission to discuss weight and explore readiness
A: assess obesity related causes “root cause of obesity”
A: advice health risk and options
A: agree on health outcomes and behavioural goals
A: assist in accessing appropriate resource for provider

176
Q

Dysphagia signs

A

coughing, choking, drooling, pocketing of food in cheeks, facial weakness, gurgle hoariest, multiple swallows, decline in respiratory status, prolonged meal time, weightloss, chest colds, pain with swallowing, increased avoidance liquids

177
Q

Levels of food thickness

A

Mildly thick :Nectar kinda thin coating
Moderate thick: honey with a slow drip
Extremely thick: pudding
Managing hydration: add thickening

178
Q

Full fluid diet

A
  • Includes foods on a clear diet plus additional smooth texture dairy products. . Strained soup, custard, refined cereals, veggie juice
    • After surgery or acute illness
    • Must verify non lactose diets
    • Not recommended for long time
179
Q

Pureed diet

A
  • Foods that do not require swallowing
    • Head, neck, or oral surgery
      Can be modified accordingly
180
Q

Dental soft mechanical

A
  • Consists od other diets but includes lightly salted siced meets, flaked fish, cottage cheese, rice, potatoes, pancakes, other mushy foods
    • Avoid tough meets, nuts, bacon and fruit with skin
    • Chewing problem or GI track
    • Transitional
181
Q

Soft/Low residue diet

A
  • Pastas, casseroles, moist tender meats canned cooked fruits and veg
    • Foods that are easy to chew
    • no fatty rich foods
    • Low fiber
182
Q

support surfaces for onto of beds

A

Foam overlay- moderate to high risk patients
-Water overlay- use for high risk patients
-Gel overlay-use for moderate to high risk patients who are wheel chair dependant
-Non power air filled over lay: can reposition selves
-low-air overlay
Air-fluidized bed: 3-4 pressure injury or burn
-low air loss bed: need pressure relief and cannot be repositioned often, spinal, ski breakdown

183
Q

what can lead to Aspiration Pneumonia

A
  1. Dysphagia/swallowing.
    1. Altered mental status or decreased alertness and attention span.
    2. Esophageal motility disorders/vomiting.
    3. Enteral (tube) feeding.
    4. Poor oral hygiene, decrease in salivary clearance.
    5. Increased impulsiveness or agitation.
    6. Use of medications such as psychotropic, neuroleptic, antidepressants, anticholinergic, or phenothiazine drugs.
    7. Hyperextended neck or contractures.
    8. Facial or neck reconstruction, cancers and their treatments.
    9. Long-termintubation.
    10. Advancingageduetodecreasedmusclemassreducingpharyngealcontractionandbolus drive.
    11. Supineposition.
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CNUR 103 (9 decks)

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