Chemistry (Chapter 5) Flashcards
S1) Bohr proposed that an electron is found only in specific circular paths, or orbits, around the nucleus.
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S1) What are energy levels?
The specific energies an electron in an atom or other system can have.
S1) What is quantum?
The amount of energy needed to move an electron from one energy level to another.
S1) What is the quantum mechanical model?
The modern description, primarily mathematical, of the behavior of electrons in atoms.
S1) The quantum mechanical model determines the allowed energies an electron can have and how likely it is to find the electron in various locations around the nucleus of an atom.
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S1) What is atomic orbital?
The probability of finding an electron at various locations around the nucleui.
S1) Each energy sublevel corresponds to one or more orbitals of different shapes. The orbitals describe where an electron is likely to be found.
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S2) What are electron configurations?
The arrangement of electrons of an atom in its ground state into various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms.
S2) What are the three rules of find the electron configurations of atoms?
The aufbau principle, the Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund’s rule.
S2) What is the aufbau principle?
The rule that electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy first.
S2) What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle?
An atomic orbital may describe at most two electrons, each with opposite spin direction.
S2) What is Hund’s rule?
That electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy in a way that makes the number or electrons with the same spin direction as large as possible.
