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plant biology > Vascular seedless plants > Flashcards

Vascular seedless plants Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards
1
Q

What makes a plant vascular

A

Presence of xylem and phloem

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2
Q

4 types of vascular seedless plants

A

equisitophyta (horsetails), lycodiophyta (lycopods), psilophyta (whisk ferns), pteridophyta (ferns)

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3
Q

Equisetophyta

A

horsetails

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4
Q

lycophyta

A

lycopods

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5
Q

psilophyta

A

whisk ferns

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6
Q

pteridophyta

A

ferns

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7
Q

How do nonvascular plants reproduce

A

via spores not seeds

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8
Q

What is the dominant generation in vascular seedless

A

sporophyte

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9
Q

what is the second way to classify vascular seedless

A

lycophytes vs monilophytes

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10
Q

what is classified under lycophytes

A

club moss, spike moss, quillworts

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11
Q

What is classified under monilophytes

A

ferns, horsetails, whisk ferns

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12
Q

Which is most advanced vascular seedless

A

monilophytes

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13
Q

What type of sperm do vascular seedless have

A

flagellated

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14
Q

Where are vascular seedless found

A

moist environments needs water for flagellated sperm

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15
Q

What is well developed in vascular seedless

A

True roots and shoots

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16
Q

Two names for for ferns

A

Pteridophyta, polypodiopsida

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17
Q

Two names for horsetails

A

equisetophyta, arthrophyta

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18
Q

Two types of true leaves

A

Microphylls vs megaphylls

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19
Q

Which type of leaf is most primitive

A

microphylls

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20
Q

Features of microphylls

A

Clusters of sporangia, single vein, growth directly from stem

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21
Q

Where are microphyll leaves found

A

ONLY in club mosses/lycophytes and horsetails, most primitive

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22
Q

Features of megaphylls

A

Develop from branches forming on stem, multi vein, attached to stem by petiole

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23
Q

What is a bisexual plant

A

monoecious

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24
Q

What are most vascular seedless plants

A

homosporous

25
Q

What do the homosporous spores give rise to

A

bisexual/monoecious gametophyte

26
Q

How do homosporous bryophytes differ from homosporous vascular seedless

A

Bryophytes tend to have spores give rise to male and female gametophytes on different plants whereas vascular seedless tends to give rise to monoecious plants

27
Q

What type of vascular seedless plant tends to give rise to bisexual gametophyte

A

ferns

28
Q

What is an advanced spore feature of plants

A

heterosporous

29
Q

Lycophyte sporousness

A

Homosporous

30
Q

What is necessary for lycophyte fertilization

A

water due to flagellated sperm

31
Q

What kind of leaf does lycophyte have

A

Microphyll

32
Q

What plant was the first to form true roots and leaves

A

Lycophytes

33
Q

Lycophyte stele type

A

Plectostele

34
Q

What do microphylls develop from

A

Sporangium cluster

35
Q

What is a stele

A

Vascular tissue

36
Q

Strobili

A

Sporangia where meiosis happens

37
Q

Type of lycophyte

A

lycopodium

38
Q

What do lycophytes have related to sporangia

A

Strobili

39
Q

Sporousness of equisetophyta

A

Homosporous

40
Q

What does equisetophyta need for fertilization

A

Water due to flagellated sperm

41
Q

Equisetophyta stele type

A

Siphonostele

42
Q

Where are sporangia in equisetophyta

A

Strobili

43
Q

What is a feature of equisetophyta stem

A

Jointed

44
Q

Equisetophyta example

A

Equisetum

45
Q

Vallecular canal

A

elongated tubes running along length of stem filled with air

46
Q

Function of vallecular canal

A

Air inside for support

47
Q

Which stele type has vallecular canal

A

siphonostele

48
Q

What makes the equisetum and scouring rushes so hard

A

silica storage/siliceous deposits

49
Q

Function of siliceous deposits

A

Herbivore determination

50
Q

Fern sporousness

A

homosporous

51
Q

Fern leaf time

A

megaphyll (multiveined)

52
Q

What does the fern sporophyte have

A

Compound frond leaf

53
Q

What is on the underside of the compound frond leaf

A

Sporangium clusters/sori

54
Q

What is sori

A

sporangium clusters

55
Q

Fern stele type

A

Dictyostele

56
Q

Fern example

A

Pteridium

57
Q

Spore mother cell

A

Sporocyte

58
Q

Gametophyte relationship to sporophyte in vascular seedless

A

independent

plant biology (6 decks)

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