Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

bms 300 > Lectures 1-3 > Flashcards

Lectures 1-3 Flashcards

1
Q

What attributes in the structure of water make molecules hydrophobic?

A

nonpolar particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What attributes in the structure of water give a high surface tension?

A

Molecules being pulled downward/sideward to create a strong cohesive force on the surface layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What attributes in the structure of water give it a high boiling point?

A

the higher kinetic energy of the water molecules causes the hydrogen bonds to break completely and allows water molecules to escape into the air as gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why does ice float on water?

A

Ice has a lower density than water due to and has a crystaline structure, separting the molecules further.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the difference between osmosis and diffusion and how do they influence equilibrium?

A

In diffusion, particles move from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached. In osmosis, a semipermeable membrane is present, so only the solvent molecules are free to move to equalize concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Based on whether a solute dissociates in water (solvent), how will it affect the overall concentration of the solution? Will the concentration increase, decrease, or remain the same?

A

increase due to the seperation of molecules from dissociation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What attributes in the structure of water make molecules hydrophilic?

A

polar particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What attributes in the structure of water make molecules amphipathic?

A

Hydrophilic head
Hydrophobic tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen atom in one polar molecule (as of water) and a small electronegative atom (as of oxygen)

A

hydrogen bonding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

forces acting on surface of a liquid which minimize the surface area

A

surface tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

3 components of Why water molecules at the surface compressed tightly together?

A
  1. kinetic energy
  2. under surface, molecules pull in all direction
  3. air-water interface experiences sideward/downward intermolecular forces
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What would happen to the water strider if you put it in a beaker of soapy water?

A

It would sink because the surface tension would be impacted by the amphipathic molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why do frozen pipes burst?

A

water expands as it freezes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what term describes molecules or ions in solution go from regions of higher to regions of lower ion concentration

A

diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

process of water moving from a region of higher to lower concentration through a selectively water-permiable membrane

A

osmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

15 millimolar NaCl (on the left) and 30 millimolar urea (on the right) are separated by a membrane that is permeable only to water. Will water flow?

A

No because the Osmotic pressure is balances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which of the following are responsible for hydrophobicity?

charged particles
polar particles
non polar particles
more than one answer is correct

A

Nonpolar particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Atoms within a water molecules are linked by which type of bond?
H2 + O

A

Covalent bonds

19
Q

Why is water liquid at room temperature?

A

The room temperature cannot provide sufficient heat for these molecules to overcome their force of attraction and therefore, they remain in the liquid phase.

20
Q

What are the major organ systems?

A

Integumentary
musculoskeletal
endocrine
nervous
muscular
circulatory
lymphatic
respiratory
Digestive
urinary
Reproductive

21
Q

What are the components and function of the integumentary system?

A

Hair, skin and nails

exterior protection

22
Q

What are the components and function of the musculoskeletal system?

A

bones and joints

Structural support and blood cell formation

23
Q

What are the components and function of the endocrine system?

A

pineal gland
pituitary gland
thyroid gland
thymus
adrenal gland
pancreas
testis/ovary

Hormonal signaling

24
Q

What are the components and function of the nervous system?

A

Brain and spinal chord

detects and processes environmental changes via neural signaling

25
Q

What are the components and function of the muscular system?

A

skeletal muscles

movement

26
Q

What are the components and function of the circulatory system?

A

heart and blood vessels

blood circulation

27
Q

What are the components and function of the immune system?

A

red bone marrow
thymus
lymphatic vessels
thoracic duct
spleen
lymph nodes

Immune function

28
Q

What are the components and function of the respiratory system?

A

Nasal cavity
pharynx
larynx
trachea
lung
bronchus

Gas exchange

29
Q

What are the components and function of the digestive system?

A

oral cavity
esophagus
liver
stomach
small/large intestine
rectum
anus

absorb nutrients and excretion

30
Q

What are the components and function of the urinary system?

A

kidney
ureter
urinary bladder
urethra

purify blood and maintains fluid balance

31
Q

What are the components and function of the Female reproductive system?

A

mammary glands
ovary
uterine tube
uterus
vagina

sexual reproduction

32
Q

What are the components and function of the Male reproductive system?

A

prostate gland
ductus deferens
scrotum
penis
testis

sexual reproduction

33
Q

What are the structural classifications of proteins?

A

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary

34
Q

What protein structure contains the sequence of a chain of amino acids?

A

Primary Protein structure

35
Q

What protein structure contains local folding of the polypeptide chain into helices or sheets?

A

Secondary protein structure

36
Q

What protein structure contains three-dimensional folding pattern of a protein due to side chain interactions?

A

Tertiary Protein structure

37
Q

What protein structure consists of multiple tertiary structures?

A

Quaternary protein structure

38
Q

What are the determinants of protein structure?

A

Type of amino acid
Order of amino acids
bonds between amino acids
Number of amino acids
environmental factors - temperature, pH, etc.

39
Q

Give 2 examples of diseases to elaborate how abnormal protein shape can affect overall function.

A
  1. Animals: Scrapie Disease
  2. Humans: Alzheimers Disease
40
Q

Individual water molecules are linked together by which type of bond?
H2O + H2O

A

Hydrogen bonds

41
Q

Potassium ions can pass through a biological membrane by moving through transmembrane protein channels lined with hydro_____ amino acids

A

hydrophilic amino acids

42
Q

The charge and orientation of R groups on Amino Acids are important in determining protein characteristics which structure?

A

secondary structure within protein

43
Q

In the lipid mosaic model of the membrane, ______ normally form the ion channel

A
44
Q

Hydrogen bonding between the carbonyl oxygen of one amino acid and the hydrogen on the amine of a newarby amino acid is responsible for the ____ strucutre in proteins.

A

Secondary and apha helical

bms 300 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions