D -F

Question 1

Decadron
(Dexamethasone)

Answer 1

INDICATION - Reduces swelling & inflammation due to: Refractory bronchospasm in:
Status asthmaticus,
Acute exacerbation of COPD.

CONTRA - Known hypersensitivity

DOSE - IVP
Adult: 4-24 mg IV/IM

SIDE EFFECTS - May produce hypertension
- Rare instances of:
- Anaphylactic reactions
- Exacerbation of Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
- Seizures

Question 2

Dextrose10%

Answer 2

INDICATION - Hypoglycemia

CONTRA - None in hypoglycemia
- Use caution w/ head injuries

DOSE - Adult:
250ml D10 IV

SIDE EFFECTS - Tissue necrosis w/ infiltration

Question 3

Diazepam
(Valium)

Answer 3

Indication - active seizure/status epilepticus
-premedication

How it Works - Central nervous system depressant
-Amnesia
- sedation,
- muscle relaxant

CONTRA - Alcohol or sedative drug use
- Head injury

DOSE - Adult:
5-10mg to max 10mg
(IV/IM)

SIDE EFFECTS - Respiratory depression
- hypotension

Question 4

Diphenhydramine
(Benadryl)

Answer 4

INDICATION
- Anaphylaxis
-mod/severe allergic reactions (after epi)

HOW IT WORKS -Blocks effects of histamine

CONTRA -MAOIs
-newborns and nursing mothers

DOSE - Adult:
25-50mg

SIDE EFFECTS
- Drowsiness
- dizziness,
- sedation

Question 5

Dopamine
(Inotropin)

Answer 5

INDICATION
- Non-hypovolemic hypotension
- Symptomatic bradycardia if atropine ineffective

HOW IT WORKS
- Low dose-increases perfusion to organs
Mod dose-increase rate and force of ventricles
High dose-peripheral vasoconstriction

CONTRA
- Hypovolemic shock
- Tachydysrhythmias
- VFib

DOSE
- 2-20mcg/kg/min
- effects start at
5-10mcg/kg/min

SIDE EFFECTS
- Hypertension
- Headache
- Nausea/vomiting

Question 6

Epi 1:1000
(Adrenalin)

Answer 6

INDICATION
- Asthmatic bronchoconstriction
- Allergic/Anaphylaxis
- Profound Bradycardia (Atropine, Shock, Dopamine have all failed)

CONTRA
- Hypersensitivity
- Hypovolemic shock
- Coronary insufficiency

DOSE Adult
Asthma/Allergy: 0.3mg SubQIM
Bradycardia: 2-10mcg/min

SIDE EFFECTS
- Tachycardia
- Hypertension
- Can worsen cardiac ischemia

Question 6

Etomidate

Answer 6

INDICATION
Induction agent before the admin of a Neuromuscular blockade agent

HOW IT WORKS
- Suppresses CNS activity.

CONTRA
-Known hypersensitivity
-Labor/Delivery

DOSE
- 0.3 mg/kg MAX 40mg

SIDE EFFECTS
-N&V
-Dysrhythmias
-SOB
-Hypotension
-Muscle twitch

Question 6

Epi 1:10000
(Adrenalin)

Answer 6

INDICATION
-Cardiac Arrest
-Anaphylaxis

CONTRA
-Hypersensitivity
-Hypovolemic shock
-Coronary insufficiency

DOSE
Adult:
CA: 1mg IV q 3-5 min
AR: 0.3mg may repeat no more than once

SIDE EFFECT
-Palpitations
-anxiety,
-Tremulousness
-Headache
-Dizziness,
-Hypertension
-Can worsen cardiac ischemia

Question 7

Fentanyl

Answer 7

INDICATION
-Pain Control
-Sedation for RSI & PAI

HOW IT WORKS
- Binds w/receptor in brain to produce effects -

CONTRA
- Respiratory Depression
-Hypotension
-N&V

DOSE
1-2 mcg/kg to
MAX 200mcg

SIDE EFFECTS
-Respiratory Depression
-Bradycardia
-Hypo/
Hypertension
-N&V