Transcription

Question 1

What does mRNA do?

Answer 1

encode the amino acid sequence

Question 2

what does tRNA do?

Answer 2

read the information encoded in mRNA and transfer the appropriate AA to growing polypeptide chain

Question 3

What is rRNA?

Answer 3

components of ribosomes that are necessary for synthesis of proteins

Question 4

Name the two RNA purine bases

Answer 4

adenine and guanine

Question 5

name the two RNA pyrimidine bases

Answer 5

cytosine and uracil

Question 6

RNA nucleotides have what on the 2’C of the sugar

Answer 6

an OH

Question 7

Describe an example of a secondary RNA structure

Answer 7

Single stranded RNA folds up on itself to form hairpins

Question 8

Describe the tertiary structure of RNA

Answer 8

a well defined, 3 dimensional shape and is increasingly more stable as RNA continuously folds up on itself

Question 9

What kind of changes can occur after transcription?

Answer 9

RNA modification: changes to sugar/base, such as methylation
RNA processing: cutting RNA into smaller segments, new combinations, removal of terminal phosphates

Question 10

Does RNA synthesis require a primer?

Answer 10

no, only DNA synthesis does

Question 11

The RNA polymerase holoenzyme includes what two parts

Answer 11

sigma and core RNA pol