THERMOTHERAPY & CRYOTHERAPY

Question 1

Amount of energy required to raise Temp of a given weight of a material by a given number of degrees
Expressed in J/gm/C

Answer 1

SPECIFIC HEAT

Question 2

T or F
Heating modalities can increase intra-articular temperatures

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 2

Heat loss or gain through constant direct contact between materials with different temperature
The result of energy exchange by direct collision between the molecules of two materials at different temperature

Answer 2

Conduction

Question 3

Involves the conversion of nonthermal form of energy into a thermal form/heat
Not affected by temperature of thermal agent

Answer 3

Conversion

Question 3

Occurs as a result of direct contact between a circulating medium and another material of a different temperature

Answer 3

Convection

Question 4

Examples of convection are the following except:
hydrotherapy,
ice baths,
Tens
fluidotherapy

Answer 4

Tens

Question 4

What modalities use convection as a mode of heat transfer?

Answer 4

Whirlpool
Fluidotherapy

Question 5

change of form from liquid to gas absorbs energy
Heat is given off when liquids transforms to gases

Answer 5

Evaporation

Question 6

Heat transfer via conversion depends on the following factors:

Answer 6

Power of energy source
Size of area being treated
Size of the applicator
efficiency of transmission from applicator to the patient

Question 6

With the increase in temperature, what will happen to the energy expenditure?

Answer 6

Energy expendiure will increase with increasing temperature

Question 6

What modalities use conversion as a mode of transfer?

Answer 6

Ultrasound
Diathermy
Laser
IRR
UVR

Question 7

Energy is absorbed in the form of heat -> What will happen to the temperature?

Answer 7

Energy is absorbed in the form of heat -> Decrease temperature

Question 7

What modalities use evaporation as a mode of heat transfer?

Answer 7

Vapocoolant spray

sweat

Question 7

involves the direct transfer of energy from a material with higher temperature to one with a lower temperature without any intervening medium nore need for contact

Answer 7

Radiation

Question 8

What law states that,
Chemical activity in cells and metaboli rate will increase ttwo- to threefold for each 50F (10C) rise in temperature

Answer 8

Vant hoff’s LAW

Question 8

T or F
skin blood flow has an important role in both nutrition and maintenance of core body temperature

Answer 8

TRUE

Question 9

When will the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve shift to the right?

Answer 9

shift to the right, oxygen releases from hemoglobin to tissues

Question 10

All of this is the ability of Heat EXCEPT:
elevate pain thresholds
alter nerve conduction velocity
induce extreme fever
change muscle spindle firing rates
altered strength and endurance

Answer 10

induce extreme fever

Question 10

blood vessels are controlled by ____ adrenergic nerves

Answer 10

blood vessels are controlled by sympathetic adrenergic nerves

Question 10

A fibers —> A-Beta fibers= touch Temp = incease NCU
A delta & C fibers= Pain= decrease NCU
these are in what thoery?

Answer 10

Gate control theory

Question 10

When a cold modality is applied, the temp of the sin and underlying tissues is?

Answer 10

When a cold modality is applied, the temp of the sin and underlying tissues is lowered by abstracting heat from the body

Question 10

METABOLIC REACTIONS TO COLD

Answer 10

Decreased Metabolic Rate
Prevents or reduces inflammation and to destroy collagen in inflammatory joint

Question 10

When is cooling accomplished?

Answer 10

Cooling is accomplished by removing or abstracting heat

Question 10

FACTORS THAT DETERMINE THE TISSUE RESPONSE TO COLD

Answer 10

Temp difference between the cold objects and soft tissues
Time of exposure
Thermal conductivity of area being cooled
Type and size of cooling agent
Total body surface are cooled
Activity level
Ability o cooling agent to maintain its temperature

Question 11

CLINICAL INDICATIONS FOR THERMOTHERAPY

Answer 11

Pain Control
Increase Soft Tissue Extensibility
Accelerate Healing

Question 12

P - Protection
R - Rest
I - Ice
C - Compress
E - Elevate
S - Stabilize/ Secure

Answer 12

note

Question 12

T o F
Thermotherapy is only used when chronic if goal is to increase circulation in the area

Answer 12

TRUE

Question 12

Why is Thrombophlebitis a contraindication in thermotherapy?

Answer 12

pwede ma dislodge and maging bolus
sweeling, redness on calf area

Question 12

T or F
Thermotherapy is usually used when condition is acute due to edema formation

Answer 12

FALSE
not usually used when condition is acute due to edema formation

Question 12

Adverse Effects of Heat Application

Answer 12

(detrimental ☠️)
Burns
Fainting (syncope)
Bleeding
Skin and Eye Damage from IRR

Question 12

CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR THERMOTHERAPY

Answer 12

Recent or Potential Hemorrhage
Thrombophlebitis
Impaired Sensation
Impaired Mentation
Malignant Tumors

Question 12

ADVERSE EFFECTS OF COLD APPLICATION

Answer 12

Tissue death caused by prolonged vasoconstriction, ischemia and thrombosis
Bleeding
Skin and Eye damage from IRR
Temporary or permanent nerve damage

Question 12

PRECAUTIONS FOR THERMOTHERAPY

Answer 12

Acute injury or inflammation
Pregnancy
Impaired circulation
Poor thermoregulation
Edema
Cardiac Insufficiency
Metal in the area
Over an open wound
Over areas where topical; counter-irritants have been recently used
Demyelinated AArea