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Cosmo- Rogers > Science Part 2: The Muscular System > Flashcards

Science Part 2: The Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

What is Myology

A

The study of the structure, function, and diseases of the muscles

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2
Q

What are muscles

A

Fibrous tissues that contract, when stimulated by messages carried by the nervous system, to produce movement

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3
Q

What are the functions of the muscular system?

A

Movement of the body; involvement in functions of other body systems; support of the skeleton; contouring of the body

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4
Q

What are the 2 types of muscle tissue?

A

Voluntary/Striated & Involuntary/Non-Striated

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5
Q

What type of muscle tissue responds to commands and is regulated by will?

A

Voluntary or Striated

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6
Q

What type of muscle tissue responds automatically to control various body functions?

A

Involuntary or Non-striated

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7
Q

The salon professional is primarily concerned with which type of muscles found in the head, face, neck, hands, and arms? Autonomic, voluntary, involuntary, or non-striated?

A

Voluntary

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8
Q

Muscles affected by massage are generally massaged from the :

A

Insertion attachment to the origin attachment

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9
Q

Anterior =

A

in front of

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10
Q

Posterior=

A

behind or in back of

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11
Q

Superioris=

A

located above or is larger

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12
Q

Inferioris=

A

Located below or is smaller

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13
Q

Levator=

A

lifts up

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14
Q

Depressor=

A

Draws down or depresses

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15
Q

Dilator=

A

Opens, enlarges or expands

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16
Q

What are the 3 parts of the muscle?

A

Origin, belly, & insertion

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17
Q

What is the ‘origin’ part of a muscle?

A

Nonmoving (fixed) portion, attached to bones or to other fixed muscle

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18
Q

What is the ‘belly’ part of a muscle?

A

midsection of muscle

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19
Q

What is the ‘insertion’ part of a muscle?

A

Portion of muscle joined to movable attachments- bones, movable muscles, or skin

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20
Q

5 methods to stimulate muscular tissue:

A
  1. massage
  2. electric current
  3. temperature (dry or moist heat & cold)
  4. nerve impulses
  5. chemicals
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21
Q

What/Where is the frontalis muscle?

A

Extends from forehead to top of skull; raises eyebrows or draws scalp forward

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22
Q

What/Where is the Occipitalis muscle?

A

Located at the nape of neck; draws scalp back

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23
Q

What/where is the Auricularis Anterior?

A

One of the three muscles of the ear that are used to move the auricula- the visible part of the ear. It is in front of the ear

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24
Q

What/where is the Auricularis Superior?

A

One of the three muscles of the ear that are used to move the auricula- the visible part of the ear. Above the ear.

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25
Q

What/where is the Auricularis Posterior?

A

One of the three muscles of the ear that are used to move the auricula- the visible part of the ear. Behind the ear.

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26
Q

What/where is the Corrugator muscle?

A

Located between eyebrows; controls eyebrows, drawing in and
downward

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27
Q

What/where is the Levator Palpebrae Superioris?

A

Located above the eyelids; raises
eyelid

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28
Q

What/where is the Orbicularis Oculi?

A

Circles eye socket; closes eyelid

29
Q

What/where is the Procerus?

A

Located between eyebrows, across the bridge of the nose; draws brows down; wrinkles area across the bridge of the nose

30
Q

What/where is the Orbicularis Oris?

A

Circles mouth; contracts, puckers and wrinkles lips, as in kissing or whistling

31
Q

What/where is the Quadratus Labii Superiorus?

A

Consists of 3 parts located above upper lip; raises both nostrils and upper lips, as in expressing distaste; also known as Levator Labii Superioris

32
Q

What/where is the Quadratus Labii Inferioris?

A

Located below lower lip; pulls lower lip down or to side, as in expressing sarcasm; also known as Depressor Labii Inferioris

33
Q

What/where is the Mentalis?

A

Tip of chin; pushes lower lip up and/or wrinkles chin, as in expressing doubt

34
Q

What/where is the Risorius?

A

Corner of mouth; draws mouth up and out as in grinning

35
Q

What/where is the Caninus?

A

Located above corners of mouth; raises angle of mouth, as in snarling; also known as Levator Anguli Oris

36
Q

What/where is the Triangularis?

A

located below corners of mouth; draws corners of mouth down, as in expressing depression; also known as the Depressor Anguili

37
Q

What/where is the Zygomaticus?

A

Major and Minor; located outside corners of mouth, draws mouth up and back, as in laughing

38
Q

What/where is the Buccinator?

A

located between jaws and cheek; responsible for compressing cheek to release air outwardly, as in blowing

39
Q

What are the 2 mastication muscles?

A

Temporalis and Masseter

40
Q

What/where is the Temporalis?

A

Located above and in front of the ear; opens and closes jaw, as in chewing

41
Q

What/where is the Masseter?

A

Covers the hinge of the jaw; aids in closing jaw, as in chewing

42
Q

What/where is the Platysma?

A

Extends from tip of chin to shoulders and chest; draws lower lip and corner of mouth sideways and down, partially opening mouth, as in surprise or fright

43
Q

What/where is the Sternocleidomastoideus?

A

Extends along side of neck from ear to collarbone; causes head to move from side to side and up and down, as in nodding yes or no

44
Q

What/where is the Trapezius?

A

Flat, triangular; covers upper and back part of neck and shoulders; aids in drawing head back and elevating shoulder blades

45
Q

What/where are the Latissimus Dorsi?

A

Flat, triangular; covers lumbar (lower back) region and lower half of thoracic region; aids in swinging arms

46
Q

What/where is the Pectoralis Major and Perctoralis Minor?

A

Extends across front of chest; assist in swinging the arms

47
Q

What/where is the Serratus Anterior?

A

Located under the arm helps in lifting the arm and in breathing

48
Q

What/where is the Deltoid?

A

Triangle shapes; covers the shoulder; lifts or turns the arm

49
Q

What/where are the Biceps?

A

Primary muscle in the front of upper arm; raises forearm, bends elbow and turns palm of the hand down

50
Q

What/where are the Triceps?

A

Extends the length of upper arm to the forearm; controls forward movement of forearm

51
Q

What/where is the Supinator?

A

Runs parallel to the ulna; turns palm of the hand up

52
Q

What/where is the Pronator?

A

Runs across front of lower part of radius and ulna; turns palm of the hand downward and inward

53
Q

What/where is the Flexor?

A

Located mid-forearm, on inside of arm; bends wrist and closes fingers

54
Q

What/where is the Extensor?

A

Located mid-forearm, on the outside of arm; straightens the finger and wrist

55
Q

What/where is the Abductor?

A

Muscle, stretches over fingers; separates fingers

56
Q

What/where is the Adductor?

A

Muscle, stretches over fingers; draws fingers together

57
Q

What/where is the Opponens?

A

Muscle, palm of hand; causes thumb to move toward fingers, giving ability to grasp or make a fist

58
Q

What/where is the Tibialis Anterior?

A

Muscle, covers front of shin; bends foot upward and inward

59
Q

What/where is the Gastrocnemius?

A

muscle, located at back of leg; attached to lower-rear surface of heel; pulls foot down

60
Q

What/where is the Peroneus Longus?

A

muscle, originates in upper two-thirds of outer fibula and causes foot to invert and turn outward

61
Q

What/where is the Peroneus Brevis?

A

muscle, originates in lower third part of fibula and bends foot down and out

62
Q

What/where is the Soleus?

A

muscle, originates in upper portion of fibula from just below knee to heel; bends foot down

63
Q

What/where is the Extensor Digitorum Longus?

A

muscle, located on outside part of lower leg; bends foot up and extends toes

64
Q

What/where is the Extensor Hallucis Longus?

A

Located between tibialis interior and extensor digitorum longus; extends big tow and flexes foot

65
Q

What/where is the Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis?

A

muscle, located along base of small toe; flexes joint of small toe

66
Q

What/where is the Flexor Digitorum Brevis?

A

muscle, located across ball of foot, beneath toes; flexes toes

67
Q

What/where is the Abductor Hallucis?

A

muscle, runs along interior border of foot; moves big toe away from other toes

68
Q

What/where is the Abductor Digiti Minimi?

A

muscle, runs along outside border of foot and connects to heel; moves smallest toe away from other toes

Cosmo- Rogers (10 decks)

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