Pharm 35 Flashcards
Reduce the heart rate and contractility. Both of these effects reduce the amount of oxygen needed by the heart muscle, and angina is prevent as a result
Beta blockers
Act by inhibiting the moment of Calcium ions across cell membranes of cardiac muscle cells
Calcium channel blockers
Act by relaxing the smooth muscle layer of blood vessels, increasing the amount of blood flowing through the vessels
Nitrates
Uses of antianginal drugs
SATA (3)
Relieve pain of acute angina attacks
Prevent angina attacks (prophylaxis)
Treat chronic stable angina pectoris
Condition where the pulmonary artery has too much pressure. As a result, the right side of the heart has to work harder and it can result in HF if not treated
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)
Condition when plaque formation occurs in the coronary arteries. The oxygen supply to the heart muscle decreases and results in a client experiencing chest pain or pressure
Angina
Adverse reactions of nitrates
Headache (may be severe & persistent)
Hypotension
Adverse reaction with nitrates and Heparin
Decreased effectiveness of heparin
Adverse reactions of nitrates phosphodiesterase inhibitors
Several hypotension and cardiovascular collapse may occur
Adverse reaction with nitrates and alcohol
Several hypotension and cardiovascular collapse may occur
Assess clients receiving the beta or calcium channel blockers for signs of ___
HF
Signs of HF
Dyspnea
Weight gain
Peripheral edema
Abnormal lung sounds (crackles/rales)
JVD
Carefully monitor clients receiving these drugs for adverse reactions. ___ may be accompanied by ___ &___
Hypotension may be accompanied by paradoxical bradycardia and increased angina
Nitrates (5)
Isosorbide
Nitroglycerin parenteral form
Nitroglycerin oral
Nitroglycerin ointment
Nitroglycerin transdermal systems
Calcium channel blockers used for anginal issues (5) (4 trades)
Amlodipine
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
Nicardipine (Cardene)
Nifedipine (Procardia)
Verapamil (Calan)
