Peds Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the etiology of croup

A

Inflammation of larynx & subglottic airway

MC viral = parainfluenza, also RSV, adenovirus, influenza, rhinovirus

Spread via resp droplets, mostly seasonal and between age 6-5yrs

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2
Q

Describe the clinical presentation of croup

A

Marked swelling/narrowing in the subglottic region

  • Starts with rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, coryza
  • 12-48 hrs: harsh, barking, seal like cough, inspiratory stridor, hoarseness, fever
  • worse at night
  • rapid progression to resp distress should prompt concern for ddx, very few require intubation
  • spontaneous resolution in a week
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3
Q

Describe the PE & diagnostic testing of croup

A

PE: fever, hoarseness, barking cough, stridor at rest or when agitated, +/- retractions

Neck film: steeple sign (subglottic narrowing)

Westley croup score to determine severity

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4
Q

Describe the treatment of mild to mod/severe croup

A

Mild: manage at home with humidified air, antipyretics, fluids, cold brisk air to decrease inflammation, single dose of oral dexamethasone

Mod-Severe: single dose of dexamethasone, nebulized epinephrine, O2 and IV fluids PRN, observe for at least 3-4 hrs in OP or ED setting

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5
Q

When is croup the worst throughout its course?

A

2nd and 3rd night

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6
Q

Describe the etiology of epiglottitis

A
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7
Q

What is this an example of

A

Steeple sign in croup

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8
Q

Describe the clinical presentation of epiglottitis

A
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9
Q

Describe the diagnostic testing for epiglottitis

A
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10
Q

Describe the treatment for epiglottitis

A
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11
Q

Describe the etiology of bronchiolitis

A
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12
Q

Describe the clinical presentation of bronchiolitis

A
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13
Q

Describe the diagnostic testing for bronchiolitis

A
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14
Q

Describe the treatment for bronchiolitis

A
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15
Q

Describe the etiology of RSV

A
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16
Q

Describe the clinical presentation & PE for RSV

A
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17
Q

Describe the diagnostic testing for RSV

A
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18
Q

Describe the treatment for RSV

A
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19
Q

Describe who is not eligible for a flu vaccine

A
20
Q

Describe the etiology for pertussis

A
21
Q

Describe the clinical presentation and phases of pertusis

A
22
Q

Describe the diagnostic testing for pertussis

A
23
Q

Describe the treatment for pertussis

A
24
Q

Describe the vaccine schedule for pertussis

A
25
Q

Describe the etiology of acute bronchitis

A
26
Q

Describe the clinical presentation & PE of acute bronchitis

A
27
Q

Describe the diagnostic testing for acute bronchitis

A
28
Q

Describe the treatment for acute bronchitis

A
29
Q

When should you use abx for acute bronchitis

A
30
Q

Describe the etiology of influenza

A
31
Q

Describe H1N1 & H5N1

A
32
Q

Describe the clinical presentation of influenza

A
32
Q

What are some complicated presentations in influenza

A
33
Q

Describe the diagnostic testing for influenza

A
34
Q

Describe the treatment for influenza

A
35
Q

Describe the use of neuraminidase inhibitors in influenza

A
36
Q

Describe antigenic shift/drift in regard to influenza

A
37
Q

Describe the guidelines/recommendations for influenza vaccines

A
38
Q

Describe the etiology of respiratory distress syndrome

A
39
Q

Describe the clinical presentation of respiratory distress syndrome

A
40
Q

Describe the diagnostic testing for respiratory distress syndrome

A
41
Q

Describe the treatment for respiratory distress syndrome

A
42
Q

Describe the etiology of foreign body aspiration

A

(dont forget button batteries & multiple magnets!)

43
Q

Describe the clinical presentation of foreign body aspiration

A
44
Q

Describe the diagnostic testing for foreign body aspiration

A
45
Q

Describe the treatment for foreign body aspiration

A