Important concepts Flashcards
Write short notes on kernels.
A kernel is the central component of an operating system. Its job is to manage system resources and the communication between hardware and software components. It provides the lowest level of abstraction for resources. Types of kernels include:
-> Monolithic kernel
-> Nano Kernel
-> Hybrid Kernel
-> Micro Kernel
Write short notes on Process states.
A process is a program that is being executed. The state of a process is the current activity of that process. There are several states a process can be in:
Acronym: Nigeria Runs With Russian Ties
New: This is when the process is created
Running: This is when the process’ instructions are being executed
Waiting: This is when the process is waiting for an event to occur such as an input or output event or a signal
Ready: This is when the process is ready to be assigned to a processor.
Terminated: This is when the process has completed execution
Differentiate between the shell and the terminal.
A shell is a command-line interface program, that interprets and executes commands entered by a user. a shell acts as an OS user interface allowing users to give it commands and get output in return.
While a terminal is a program that provides an interface for entering commands and displaying output, It is a window or console that is used to interact with the shell, the terminal provides shell prompts, waits for users to provide input, and then displays the executed command done by the shell.
What is the 0th generation?
It refers to the period when there were no operating systems, the processing technology used during this time was vacuum tubes, programs in this period were written in machine language and each program contained instructions for initiating the operation of the computer, this mode of operation was called “open-shop”.
What is the race condition?
It is a process whereby the output of a process is critically dependent on the sequence or timing of other events.
