4.3 Flashcards
What is biodiversity?
a measure of the variety of all the living organisms within a particular habitat
who came up with the binomial naming system?
carolus linnaeus
what two parts are the binomial system made up of?
the genus and the species
list the classification system
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
what are the five kingdoms?
animalia, plantae, fungi, protoctista and prokaryotae
what organisms come under animalia?
multicellular eukaryotes that are heterotrophs
what organisms come under plantae?
multicellular eukaryotes that are autotrophs
what organisms come under fungi?
multicellular eukaryotes that are heterotrophs and digest externally
what organisms come under protoctista?
eukaryotes that photosynthesise or feed on organic matter from other sources but are not included in the other kingdoms
what organisms come under prokaryotae?
prokaryotic organisms
who discovered bacteria that didn’t fit into the domains and when?
Carl Woese in the 1960s
name the three domains he reformed
archaea, bacteria and eukaryota
what is convergent evolution?
when unrelated organisms evolve a similar appearance as they adapt to the same conditions
what is genetic diversity and why is it good?
when individuals in a species has a unique combination of alleles, it allows the population to adapt to changing conditions
what are the two factors used to measure biodiversity?
species richness and species evenness
