Muscles of the Pelvis and Thigh

Question 1

Psoas Major

Answer 1

Origin:
Transverse processes and bodies of lumbar vertebrae

Insertion:
Lesser trochanter of femur

Actions:
Hip (thigh) flexion
Lateral rotation of thigh

Question 2

Iliacus

Answer 2

Origins:
Iliac crest and sacrum

Insertion:
Lesser trochanter of femur

Actions:
Hip (thigh) flexion
Lateral rotation of thigh

Question 3

Tensor fascia lata

Answer 3

Origin:
Iliac crest

Insertion:
Tibia via iliotibial tract

Actions:
Hip abduction
Hip flexion

Question 4

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 4

Origins:
Sacrum, Coccyx
Iliac Crest

Insertions:
Iliotibial tract
Gluteal tuberosity of femur

Actions:
Hip extension
Lateral rotation of hip

Question 5

Gluteal Medius and Minimus

Answer 5

Origin:
Ilium (Medius is superficial to minimus)

Insertion:
Greater trochanter of femur

Actions:
Abduction of thigh
Medial rotation of thigh

Question 6

Sartorius

Answer 6

Origin:
Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion:
Medial surface of tibia

Actions:
Flexion of thigh
Lateral rotation of thigh
Abduction of thigh
Knee flexion

Question 7

What are the muscles in the quadriceps Femoris Group?

Answer 7

• Rectus femoris (RF)
• Vastus medialis (VM)
• Vastus lateralis (VL)
• Vastus intermedius (VI)

Question 8

What are the origins of the Quadriceps Femoris Group?

Answer 8

RF: Anterior inferior iliac spine
VM: Linea aspera of femur
VL: Lateral aspect of femur
VI: Anterior surface of femur

Question 9

What are the insertions of the Quadriceps Femoris Group?

Answer 9

Patella
Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Question 10

What are the actions of the Quadriceps Femoris Group?

Answer 10

Knee extension
RF: Hip flexion

Question 11

What are the adductor muscles?

Answer 11

Gracilis
Pectineus
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus

Question 12

What are the origins of the adductor muscles?

Answer 12

Gracilis, Pectineus, Adductor brevis:
Pubis

Adductor longus:
Pubic crest and pubic symphysis

Adductor magnus:
Inferior ramus of pubis, ischial tuberosity, ischium

Question 13

Where do the adductor muscles insert?

Answer 13

Gracilis:
Medial surface of tibia (same as sartorius)

Pectineus:
Pectineal line (spiral line) of femur

Adductor brevis, adductor longus and Adductor magnus:
Linea aspera of femur

Question 14

What are the actions of the adductor muscles?

Answer 14

Hip adduction
Flexion of thigh
AM: hip extension
Gracilis: knee flexion

Question 15

What are the muscles in the hamstrings?

Answer 15

Biceps femoris (BF)
Semitendinosus (ST)
Semimembranosus (SM)

Question 16

What are the origins of the hamstrings?

Answer 16

Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus and long head of Biceps femoris:
Ischial tuberosity

Short head of Biceps Femoris:
Linea aspera of femur

Question 17

What are the insertions of the hamstrings?

Answer 17

Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus:
Medial side of tibia

Biceps Femoris:
Head of fibula
Lateral condyle of tibia

Question 18

What are the actions of the hamstrings?

Answer 18

Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus and long head of Biceps femoris:
Hip extension

Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus and short head of Biceps femoris:
Knee flexion