8. Late Middle Ages

Question 1

Greatest of all Plantagenets:

Answer 1

Edward I (1272-1307)

Question 2

Characteristics of Edward I’s reign (name 4):

Answer 2

-founder of the English parliamentary system & law codifier
-nationalism
-centralisation of king’s power
-wars agains Wales & Scotland

Question 3

Model parliament (1295) summoned by Edward I:

Answer 3

representations of all classes with political rights (their approval for taxation is required)

Question 4

The Ring of Iron is…

Answer 4

A network of immense castles in Wales, commissioned by Edward I (his invasion)

Question 5

English conquest of the Wales
(ruler + dates)

Answer 5

Edward I
1277, 1282-1284

Question 6

Statute of Rhuddlan in 1284 -consequences (name 2):

Answer 6

-Wales loses its independence, is annexed by England
-English common law and shires

Question 7

First English Prince of Wales:

Answer 7

Edward II

Question 8

What did the English stole from the Welsh? :)))

Answer 8

Welsh longbow

Question 9

First war of Scottish Independence (years):

Answer 9

1296-1328

Question 10

How many pretenders did the Scottish throne have in 1290?

Answer 10

THIRTEEN !!! 13 :0 ?!

Question 11

Whic of the pretenders sat on the Scottish throne and why?

Answer 11

1291 -John Balliol, thanks to Edward I

Question 12

After John Balliol is crowned, he…

Answer 12

Pays homage to Edward I
(Scotland is treated as a vassal state)

Question 13

Auld Alliance -explain

Answer 13

Scotland allies with France, instead of paying Edward I money for troops

Question 14

In response to the Auld Alliance (1294), Edward I…

Answer 14

Invades Scotland, occupies, steals the Stone of Scone

Question 15

The Stone of Scone is…

Answer 15

Stone of Scone -a coronation stone of Scottish Kings

Question 16

The uprising of William Wallace (years)

Answer 16

1297-1305

Question 17

Robert the Bruce is…

Answer 17

in 1306 crowned the king od Scotland

Question 18

Robert the Bruce grafually reconquers the North of Scotland (years):

Answer 18

1307-1314

Question 19

The Battle of Bannockburn

Answer 19

1314 -most significant Scottish victory, secures Scottish independence

Question 20

Reign of Edward III is also called the…

Answer 20

Age of chivalry !

Question 21

Who introduced English as the official language in law?

Answer 21

Edward III

Question 22

How did Edward III divide the Parliament?

Answer 22

House of Commons,
House of Lords

Question 23

Order of the Garter is ….

Answer 23

The most senior knighthood in Britain

Question 24

The hundred years’ war (years):

Answer 24

1227-1453

Question 25

The hundred years’ war (1337-1453) was fought between which dynasties?

Answer 25

English -House of Plantagenet
French -House of Valois

Question 26

The hundret years’ war is divided into three phases, name the one that England dominated:

Answer 26

FIRST: Edwardian War

Question 27

Which hundret years’ war (1337-1453) phases did France dominate?

Answer 27

SECOND: Caroline War
THIRD: Lancastrian War

Question 28

Where was the hundret years’ (1337-1453) war fought?

Answer 28

In France
+naval raids on the southern coast of England

Question 29

Why did the hundred years’ war (1337-1453) start?

Answer 29

-Edward III claim to the French throne
-England’s support of a rebellion
-the Auld Alliance

Question 30

A famous British victory (1346)

Answer 30

The battle of Crecy (1346)

Question 31

War is interrupted by …… that killed 1/3 of the Europe’s population:

Answer 31

Black Death (1348)

Question 32

The last Plantagenet:

Answer 32

Richard II
(1377-1399)

Question 33

The Great Peasants’ Revolt in Kent and Essex (date):

Answer 33

1381

Question 34

“The morning star of the English Reformation”:

Answer 34

John Wycliffe

Question 35

Wycliffe’s doctrines (name 3):

Answer 35

the Bible>church officials
Pope=antichrist
king>priests

Question 36

Who first translated the Bible into English? (1384)

Answer 36

John Wycliffe
(1384)

Question 37

Wycliffe’s followers are called:

Answer 37

The Lollards
(“to mumble prayers”)

Question 38

Why does Richard II stop ruling?

Answer 38

He abdicates due to political turmoil

Question 39

What dynasty takes over after the Plantagenets?

Answer 39

The House of Lancaster

(Henries domain)

Question 40

What Henries came from the Lancasters?

Answer 40

Henry IV (prequel)
Henry V
Henry VI (sequel)

Question 41

Which Henry resumes the 100 Years’ War (1337-1453)?

Answer 41

Henry V revives the claim to the French throne

Question 42

The greatest British victory of the Hundret Years’ War (1337-1453):

Answer 42

The battle of Agincourt (1415)

Question 43

When did English kings stop claiming the French throne?

Answer 43

1801 :o

Question 44

Who is associated with the Siege of Orleans (1428/9)?

Answer 44

Henry VI, Joan d’Arc

Question 45

In 1453, the English lose all possessions in France except…

Answer 45

Calais

Question 46

Wars of the Roses (years):

Answer 46

1455-1485

Question 47

The “roses” in the wars of the roses (1455-1485):

Answer 47

York: The white rose
Lancaster: The red rose (Henry VI & his wife)

Question 48

The bloodiest battle ever fought in the British Isles (1461):

Answer 48

The Battle of Towton

Question 49

Who wins the war of roses (1455-1485)

Answer 49

(White Rose)
The House of York -Edward IV

Question 50

The last battle of the Wars of Roses (1455-1485):

Answer 50

The battle of Bosworth (1485)

Question 51

The new dynasty that emerges after the war of Roses (1455-1485) is…

Answer 51

The Tudors
(Wales!)

Question 52

Beginning of the Renaissance:

Answer 52

1485

Question 53

Yeomen -meaning:

Answer 53

Rich peasants that buy off land

Question 54

15th century England (name 3):

Answer 54

-end of feudalism (land becomes rented)
-enclosures, wool trade
-first printing office