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NURS 175 - Nursing Practice Foundations > Lesson 2.2 - Pain Assessment > Flashcards

Lesson 2.2 - Pain Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Empathy

A

-put yourself in the patients shoes
-you can’t feel their pain directly but that doesn’t mean it isn’t there

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2
Q

Communication

A

-communicate with your patients
-builds trust
-ie. I will be back in .5 hour to give your meds (and actually do it!)

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3
Q

Advocacy

A

-if the patient says they are in pain, they actually are in pain

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4
Q

Presence + Compassion

A

-show understanding and be authentic
-don’t mock the patient

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5
Q

Providing Comfort

A

-attend to physical, emotional, social, spiritual needs with compassion and authenticity
-can be just sitting quietly with patient

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6
Q

Pain Interventions

A

-various
-medication
-comfortable position
-hot/cold compress
-movement

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7
Q

Nausea and Vomiting Interventions

A

-medications
-hydration
-cool cloth

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8
Q

Itching Interventions

A

-medications
-heat/cold
-lotions

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9
Q

Constipation Interventions

A

-nutrition
-hydration
-ambulation
-medications

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10
Q

Pain is Subjective

A

-it is whatever the person says it is
-it occurs when the person says it does

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11
Q

Physiology of Pain

A

-brain perceives pain consciously
-everyone perceives pain differently due to natural opiate release
-sensory impulse leads to the release of an action potential (electrical message) and then neurotransmitter release (chemical message) in the synapse

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12
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A

-fight & flight
-increased respirations, HR, BP, blood glucose
-diaphoresis
-muscle tension
-dilated pupils
-nausea
-vomiting

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13
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

-rest & digest
-pallor
-muscle tension
-decreased HR, BP
-rapid, irregular breathing
-weakness
-exhaustion

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14
Q

Common Behavioural Responses to Pain

A

-non-verbals (groaning, guarding, crying)
-physical and emotional exhaustion
-anxiety, fear
-depression, hopelessness
-irritability, anger
-fatigue, trouble sleeping

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15
Q

Why is relieving pain important?

A

-allows them to focus on things that will help (ie. mobility, eating) them heal instead of the pain they feel

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16
Q

Older Adult (Under-reporting pain)

A

-may think pain is a normal part of aging

17
Q

Stoic Individual (Under-reporting pain)

A

-society respects those who suffer in silence

18
Q

Uninformed Person (Under-reporting pain)

A

-may not know to ask for pain meds

19
Q

Marginalized Individual (Under-reporting pain)

A

-don’t want to be stigmatized

20
Q

Misconceptions (Under-reporting pain)

A

-some think pain medications will lead to addictions

21
Q

Acute Pain

A

-identifiable cause
-predictable ending
-short duration
-pain stops with healing
-quick onset
-usually measurable/describable
-usually responds to analgesics
-dissipates once healing occurs

22
Q

Chronic Pain

A

-persistent or intermittent
-may not have identifiable cause
-long term
-can result from acute pain
-vague symptoms
-may be difficult to manage

23
Q

Breakthrough Pain

A

-pain breaks through medication that is controlling the pain
-need to advocate for dosage adjustment

24
Q

Cancer Pain

A

-acute or chronic
-due to disease or treatment

25
Q

Children & Pain

A

-difficulty expressing pain
-ask parents about words child usually uses to describe pain
-infants and young toddlers show behavioural responses to pain

26
Q

Older Adults & Pain

A

-interpreting pain can be complicated by presence of multiple diseases
-confusion may complicate ability to recall details of pain
-ADLs, mobility, social activities may be reduced from pain

27
Q

Pain Assessment (Subjective)

A

PQRSTU

28
Q

Provokes

A

-what makes the pain worse or better?

29
Q

Quality

A

-what does the pain feel like?

30
Q

Radiates

A

-does the pain radiate?
-which region does it radiate to?

31
Q

Severity

A

-on a scale of 1-10 how would you rate the pain?

32
Q

Timing

A

-when did the pain start and how long does it last?

33
Q

Understanding

A

-what do they think is causing the pain?

34
Q

Values

A

-what do you want to get your pain level to so you can…?

35
Q

Other Assessment Considerations

A

-physical causes
-behavioural effects
-nonverbals
-ADLs
-communication barriers
-alterations in perception
-culture
-spirituality

36
Q

Non-pharmacological Interventions

A

-bed linens
-temperature
-patient positioning
-changing wet clothes and dressings
-preventing urinary retention and constipation
-distraction
-music
-acupuncture
-massage
-TENS

37
Q

NSAIDS

A

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

NURS 175 - Nursing Practice Foundations (11 decks)

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