Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

acp 203 intermediate > Module 6: Injury Management > Flashcards

Module 6: Injury Management Flashcards

1
Q

Jackson’s theory of burns

A

Zone of coagulation (central)
Zone of stasis (middle)
Zone of hyperemia (outer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Major burn criteria

A

Hands, feet, face, major joint, genitals, circumference
Full thickness >10% TBSA
Partial thick >25% (10-50yo) or >20% (<10 or >50yo)
Respiratory injury
Complicated by fx or trauma
High voltage
Chemical burns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Moderate burns criteria

A

Full thick 2-10% TBSA
Partial thick 15-25% TBSA (10-50yo) or 10-20% (<10 or >50yo)
Superficial >50% TBSA
Low voltage electrical
Major burn characteristics absent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Minor burn criteria

A

Full thick <2% TBSA
Partial thick <15% (10-50yo) or <10% (<10 or >50yo)
Superficial <50% TBSA
Major burn characteristics absent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Newton’s first law of motion

A

A body at rest stays at rest until it is acted on by an outside force
A body in motion stays in motion until it is acted on by an outside force.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Newton’s second law of motion

A

The force an object can exert is the product of its mass x acceleration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Multi-system trauma

A

Injuries that involve 2 or more body systems.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Blunt trauma

A

Injuries in which the tissues are not penetrated by an external object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Penetrating trauma

A

When tissues are penetrated by single or multiple objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Deceleration injuries

A

Shearing, avulsing, rupturing of organs and restraining fascia, vasculature, nerves, and other soft tissue.
Flexion or extension of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

5 phases of motor vehicle collisions

A

1) deceleration of vehicle
2) deceleration of the occupant
3) deceleration of internal organs
4) secondary impacts
5) additional impacts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

5 types of impact patterns in MVCs

A

Frontal or head on
Lateral or side
Rear
Rotational
Rollover

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Down-and-under pathway MVC

A

Occupant slides under the steering column.
Can cause injury to pelvis, hips, femurs, tibia, spine, ribs, cardiac and pulmonary.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Up-and-over pathway MVC

A

Torso moves upward and forward. Head impacts windshield, roof, mirror, or dash.
Can cause head, C spine, anterior neck trauma, ejection, lower body trauma, pneumothorax.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Revised trauma score

A

Best score possible is 12
Takes into account GCS, SBP, and RR.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Waddell triad

A

Vehicle-pedestrian injuries for children and short people.
1) bumper hits pelvis and femurs
2) chest and abdomen hit grille
3) head strikes the vehicle and ground.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Factors for severity of falls

A

Height
Position or orientation of body
Area which impact is distributed
Surface
Physical condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Permanent cavity in GSW

A

Straight or irregular line that the bullet travels along

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pathway expansion in GSW

A

Tissue displacement that results from shock waves, causing cavitation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

5 causes of blast injury

A

Primary (due to blast wave itself)
Secondary (propelled fragments)
Tertiary (impact with an object)
Quarternary (burns, crush, toxins)
Quinary (long-term from CBRN additives)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Trauma lethal triad

A

Hypothermia
Coagulopathy
Acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Approximate amount of blood in the human body

A

Male: 70ml/kg
Female: 65ml/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

SAGER traction splint

A

10% of patients body weight in lbs up to maximum of 15lbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Hemostatic gauze

A

Applied when direct pressure and TQ cannot control bleeding, or when bleeding is in an area that a TQ cannot be applied.
Packed inside wound. Provide direct pressure for 2 minutes afterwards

25
Q

Wound packing

A

Technique for bleeding in junctional areas.
Apply pressure for 3 minutes if using regular gauze.

26
Q

Potential blood loss from pelvic fractures

A

1500-3000ml

27
Q

Amount of blood loss in femur fracture

A

1000-1500ml per femur

28
Q

Wounds requiring closure

A

Injuries in highly visible areas
Gaping wounds
Wounds over tension lines.

29
Q

3 types of wound closure

A

Wound closure should occur within 6-8 hours.
Primary closure
Closure by secondary intent
Tertiary closure.

30
Q

Primary closure

A

Wound Margins are brought together as neatly and evenly as possible.

31
Q

Closure by secondary intent

A

Dressing high risk wounds and allowing them to heal through normal body process.

32
Q

Tertiary closure

A

Wounds with high risk for infection that would have poor cosmetic appearance if closed by secondary intention.
Wounds are irrigated and dressed, then closed 3-4 days later.

33
Q

Preservation of amputated parts

A

Rinse free of debris with saline
Wrap in saline moistened sterile gauze
Seal in a bag and keep cool but don’t allow to freeze

34
Q

Progression of crush syndrome

A

Body part trapped for more than 4 hours.
Rhabdomyolysis
Trapped part is freed
Potential cardiac arrest, dysthymia, kidney damage, hyperK, hyperphosphatemia

35
Q

Rule of 9s for burns (adult)

A

Head: 9
Anterior torso: 18
Posterior torso: 18
Arms: 9 each
Genitalia: 1
Legs: 18 each

36
Q

Rule of 9s for children

A

Head: 12
Anterior torso: 18
Posterior torso: 18
Arms: 9 each
Legs: 16.5 each
Genitalia: 1

37
Q

Rule of 9s for infants

A

Head: 18
Anterior torso: 18
Posterior torso: 18
Arms: 9 each
Legs: 13.5
Genitalia: 1

38
Q

Amount of time flushing for chemical burns

A

Preferable for 30 minutes. 1-2 hours for strong alkalis recommended.

39
Q

Alternating current vs direct current

A

Alternating current considered more dangerous due to alternating muscle contractions

40
Q

Le fort fractures

A

1: horizontal involving hard palate and inferior maxilla
2: pyramidal involving nasal bone and inferior maxilla
3: all mid facial bones, separating entire mid face from cranium.

41
Q

Irrigation of eye times

A

5 minutes
20 minutes if alkali or strong acid
Remove contact lenses or treating patient with chemical burns to the eye.

42
Q

Types of skull fractures

A

Linear
Depressed
Basilar
Open

43
Q

Coup-contrecoup injury

A

Brain continues to move forward until it impacts the skull, causing compression injury.
Body starts to move backward, brain follows, strikes back of the skull.

44
Q

Normal ICP

A

5 to 15mmHg

45
Q

Critical threshold for cerebral perfusion pressure

A

60 mmHg

46
Q

Cushings triad

A

Hypertension (wide pulse pressure)
Bradycardia
Irregular respirations.

47
Q

Massive hemothorax blood volume

A

Accumulation of more than 1500ml of blood in the pleural space.
Each lung can hold up to 3L of fluid.

48
Q

Fracture classification based on fracture type

A

Linear (parallel to long axis)
Transverse (right angle)
Oblique (angle)
Spiral (encircling)
Impacted (end wedged into another bone)
Pathologic (erosion or abnormal overgrowth of cortical bone)

49
Q

Number of fractures on one bone

A

Comminuted (>2 fragments in one area)
Segmental (>2 fragments int different parts)

50
Q

Number of cortices injured in bone fracture

A

Complete (both cortices)
Incomplete (one cortex)
Incomplete includes: greenstick, buckle, plastic deformation, fatigue

51
Q

Fracture classification based on displacement

A

Non displaced (bone alignment unchanged)
Displaced
Displaced includes: overriding, distraction, impacted, avulsion, depression

52
Q

Dislocation

A

Bone is totally displaced from the joint. Occurs when a body part moves beyond its normal range of motion.

53
Q

Subluxation

A

Partial dislocation. Articular surfaces remain partially intact. Part of joint capsule and ligaments may be damaged.

54
Q

Diastasis

A

Ligaments are disrupted and the space between them increases.

55
Q

Sprain

A

Ligaments are stretched or torn.

56
Q

Strain

A

Injury to muscle or tendon resulting from violent muscle contraction or excessive stretching.

57
Q

Potential blood loss from humerus, Tibia or fibula, ankle, or elbow

A

250-500ml

58
Q

Potential blood loss from radius or ulna

A

150-250ml

59
Q

Urine output indication for adequate fluid resuscitation

A

0.5-1ml/kg per hour

acp 203 intermediate (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions