P6

Question 1

Examples of scalar quantities?

Answer 1

mass
speed
distance
time
temperature

Question 2

What is the difference between scalar and vector quantities?

Answer 2

A scalar quantity has only magnitude (size) but no direction. Vector quantity has both magnitude and direction. (west, east)

Question 3

Examples of vector quantities?

Answer 3

weight
force
acceleration
displacement

Question 4

Example of scalar and vector quantity?

Answer 4

in a journey, we have travelled a DISTANCE of 800m (scalar) but our displacement is 500m west from our start point

Question 5

How is force a vector quantity?

Answer 5

because they have a magnitude and a direction

Question 6

Example of normal contact force?

Answer 6

a lamp on a table. the lamp is exerting a downward force onto the table (weight), however, the table is exerting an upward force on the lamp

Question 7

Weight (N) =?

Answer 7

mass X gravitational field strength

Question 8

What is the single point called that acts on an object?

Answer 8

centre of mass

Question 9

How to calculate resultant force?

Answer 9

larger force - smaller force

Question 10

What is a freebody diagram to show the forces acting on an object?

Answer 10

the object is shown as a point.
the forces are show as arrows starting at the point, and shows us the direction
the length of the arrows show the size of the force

Question 11

lift meaning?

Answer 11

for example an aeroplane, there must be a force which is the same magnitude as the plane acting in the opposite direction, so it can remain at a constant altitude

Question 12

thrust meaning?

Answer 12

a forward force
e.g. engines on a plane

Question 13

go over vector diagrams

Question 14

Work done?

Answer 14

a measure of energy transferred

Question 15

What’s the key fact about elastic materials?

Answer 15

they will always return to their original length or shape if we take away the forces acting on them
e.g. slinky, rubber bands/gloves

Question 16

Elastic deformation?

Answer 16

temporary change in the form of an object due to an applied stress, which reverts to its original shape once the stress is removed

Question 17

What has to happen in order to change an objects length or shape?

Answer 17

have to apply more than one force

Question 18

Key fact about inelastic forces?

Answer 18

when we stretch them, they do not return to their original length when the force is removed
e.g. polymers

Question 19

Force=?

Answer 19

spring constant x compression

Question 20

What is work done equal to when an object is stretched?

Answer 20

elastic potential energy only if the object is not inelastically deformed

Question 21

Displacement?

Answer 21

the distance that an object moves in a straight line from start to finish
e.g. 500m north

Question 22

typical normal walking speed and running speed?

Answer 22

1.5m/s
3m/s

Question 23

average speed for a
car on main road?
fast train in uk?
plane?

Answer 23

13m/s
50m/s
250m/s

Question 24

Does sound travel faster on warmer or cooler days?

Answer 24

warmer days

Question 25

Velocity?

Answer 25

A objects speed in a given direction
e.g. 20m/s south

Question 26

What happens if an object moves at a constant speed in a circle?

Answer 26

its velocity is constantly changing

Question 27

Terminal velocity?

Answer 27

when the force of air resistance balances the force due to gravity, so the object stops accelerating and moves at a constant velocity e.g. skydiving

Question 28

What do all of Newton’s laws of motion talk about?

Answer 28

describe the effects that forces have on the motion of an object

Question 29

Newton’s first law of motion

Answer 29

If the resultant force acting on stationary object is zero, then the object will remain stationary (also moving objects stay the same) e.g. If a car is stationary or moving and has a force of 50 N to the left and right, it will remain a constant speed

Question 30

Newtons second law of motion?

Answer 30

The acceleration of an object is proportional to the resultant force acting on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object

Question 31

force=?

Answer 31

mass x acceleration

Question 32

how many newtons does a typical family car require to accelerate from a main road to a motorway?

Answer 32

2000 N

Question 33

Inertia?

Answer 33

Objects will stay still or keep the same motion, unless you apply a resultant force

Question 34

inertial mass?

Answer 34

a measure of how difficult it is to change the velocity of an object

Question 35

what will an object with a large inertial mass require?

Answer 35

A larger force to produce a given acceleration

Question 36

Newton’s third law of motion?

Answer 36

whenever two object interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal an opposite

Question 37

stopping distance?

Answer 37

The total distance travelled from when the driver first spots and obstruction to when the car stops

Question 38

thinking distance

Answer 38

The distance travelled by the car during the drivers reaction time

Question 39

Braking distance?

Answer 39

The distance, the car travels from when the driver applies the brakes to when the car stops

Question 40

The greater the speed of the vehicle…?

Answer 40

the greater the stopping distance

Question 41

what two things can make reaction time longer?

Answer 41

Alcohol
Drugs

Question 42

two things that affect the braking distance?

Answer 42

wet, icy conditions

worn tyres/brakes

Question 43

kinetic energy=?

Answer 43

1/2 mass x (velocity)2

Question 44

how much momentum do objects that are not moving?

Answer 44

No momentum

Question 45

momentum=?

Answer 45

mass x velocity

Question 46

conservation of momentum?

Answer 46

in a close system, the total momentum before an event is equal to the total momentum after an event e.g. Van crashes into a car and they both move slower but the momentum is the same because the mass is added together of both vehicles