Homeostatis Copy Paste

Question 1

Define homeostasis.

Answer 1

The maintenance of a constant internal environment.

Question 2

Which is longer lasting: hormonal or nervous system?

Answer 2

Hormonal system

Question 3

Which is faster acting: hormonal or nervous system?

Answer 3

Nervous system

Question 4

Which has a localised response: hormonal or nervous system?

Answer 4

Nervous system

Question 5

Which is removed quicker: hormonal or nervous system?

Answer 5

Nervous system.

Question 6

Where is hormonal chemicals made?

Answer 6

Specialised endocrine cells found in glands.

Question 7

In the ______ system, neurotransmitters are secreted directly onto the cells they affect.

Answer 7

Nervous

Question 8

In the _______ system, neurotransmitters bind to specific complementary receptors within the target cell membrane.

Answer 8

Nervous

Question 9

____________ reach target organs via the blood.

Answer 9

Hormones

Question 10

________ are transported all over the body and effect target cells via binding to specific complimentary receptors within the cell membrane.

Answer 10

Horomones

Question 11

Why do we need to keep body temperature constant?

Answer 11

• Low temperature = little kinetic energy so chemical reactions involving enzymes slow down which can result in death.
• High temperature = too much kinetic energy denatures enzymes due to binds breaking, this changes the active site shape and prevents enzyme-substrate complexes forming.

Question 12

Why do we need to keep body pH constant?

Answer 12

Affects amount of hydrogen ions. An increase can cause the tertiary structure of enzymes to change, denaturing them. This changes the active site shape, preventing enzyme-substrate complexes.

Question 13

Define negative feedback.

Answer 13

A corrective mechanism where a change triggers a response which reduces the effect of a change.

Question 14

Define positive feedback.

Answer 14

Occurs when a change

Question 15

How does insulin decrease blood glucose levels?

Answer 15

• Insulin binds to specific receptors on liver cell membranes.
• it activates carrier proteins/opens channels/causes for channels to form.
• Insulin increases the permeability of liver/muscle cells/tissues to glucose.
• Insulin action results in glucose conversion to glycogen/glycogenesis.

Question 16

How does glucagon increase blood glucose levels?

Answer 16

• binds to specific receptors
• on liver cell
• activates enzymes in the liver
• hydrolysis if glycogen
• facilitated diffusion of glucose out the liver cells
• increases blood glucose levels