cell processes vocab Flashcards
anaphase
a phase of mitosis/meiosis in which the chromosomes move from the center toward the opposite ends of a dividing cell
cancer
a disease caused by cells dividing uncontrollably and spread to surrounding tissues
cancer checkpoints
mechanisms that regulate progression through the cell cycle insuring that each step takes place only once and in the right sequence
cell cycle
the process a cell goes through each time it divides
cell differation
the process through which a cell undergoes changes in gene expression to become a more specific type of cell
centrioles
paired barrel shaped organelles located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
centromere
the region of the chromosome to which the spindle fiber is attached during cell division
chromatid
one of the 2 identical halves of a chromesome that has been replicated in preperation for cell division
chromatin
mixture of DNA and proteins that form the chromosomes found in the cells of humans and other higher organisms
chromesomes
structure found inside the nucleus of a cell, each normally contain 23 pairs.
cytokenesis
the process by which one cell physically divides into 2 cells
interphase
the phase of the cell cycle in which a cell copies its DNA to prepare for mitosis
metaphase
a stage during the process of cell division (line up) nucleus dissolves and the chromosomes move together
mitosis
the process by which a single parent cell divides to make 2 new daughter cells
nucleosis
the membrane enclosed organelle that contains the chromosomes
