Topic 8 Flashcards
Respondent conditioning
1
Q
Are respondent behaviours elicitied or evoked?
A
- respondednt behaviours are elicited or controlled by stimuli
- significant stimuli elicit reflexive responses that have survival value
2
Q
Describe the experiment Ivan Pavlov conducted
A
- measures dog’s salivation to meat powder
- used metronome as a conditioned stimulus
3
Q
What are the components of respondent conditioning?
define: US,UR,NS,CS,CR
A
- unconditioned stimulus: stimulus that naturally elicits a reflexive response, iwthough any learning or conditioning
- unconditional response: reflexive response naturally elicited by an unconditioned stimulus
- neutral stimulus: stimulus that has no effect on reflexive responses
- cs: stimulus elicits a response through learning (initally neutral stimulus that is paired with an uncoditioned stimulus
- cr: response elicited by a cs
4
Q
What are the 4 types timing of stimuli
A
- trace conditioning
- delay conditing
- simultaneous conditioning
- backward conditioning
5
Q
explain higher order conditioning
A
- if NS is paired with an established CS, NS will become a CS that elicits the same response
- first-order and second order:
6
Q
Explain Little Albert experiment
- what was the operant stimulus and response; respondent stimulus
also explain repsondent extinction and spontaneous recovery
A
- whenever Albert reached for the white rat, a loud sound was made
- done in repeated sessions
- Albert crying and crawling away is the operant escape response
- operant stimulus: generalization - avoidance response evoked by furry objects
- respondent stimulus: discrimination - played with blocsk normally
- respondent extinction: repeated presentation of CS withouth the US causes weakening of CR
- spontaneous recovery: presenting CS after extinction elicits a CR
7
Q
What are some factors influencing effectiveness of respondent conditioning
A
- high intensity of US, salience of CS are more effective
- temporal relationship between the NS and the US; shorter interval is better (optimal at 0.5s)
- contingency b/w the NS and the US: should occur together on every trial
- more pairings create a stronger conditioning
- previous exposure to the CS/prior learning
