Immunology 4 Flashcards
T or F: antigens must be presented to a T-cell in order for them to recognize the antigen
True
what are HLA proteins?
human leukocyte antigen protein
present to the T-cell with antigens bound to it
what are the 2 types of HLA proteins
HLA class I
HLA class II
what do HLA class I proteins interact with?
cytotoxic T-cells and binds intracellular antigens - interact with a CD8 co-receptor on the cytotoxic T-cell
what do HLA class II proteins interact with?
T-helper cells and binds extracellular antigens - interacts with CD4 co-receptor on the T-helper cell
HLA type I molecule subtypes are all indicated by the designation…
A, B, or C
HLA type II molecule subtypes are all indicated by the designation…
D
HLA-1 proteins bind intracelular antigens via the ?
endogenous pathway
explain the endogenous pathway
antigenic peptide come from the cytosol, the peptide is derived from proteasomal degradation of foreign proteins, the peptide is then transported into the RER to be loaded onto the HLA-1 protein, then the loaded HLA-1 is then expressed on the cell surface
what are immunoproteosomes?
specialized proteasomes that are very good at presenting HLA-1 bound peptides to T-cells
what is the protein that translocate the peptide fragment into the RER for loading onto the HLA-1?
TAP
what are the receptors that increase transcription of HLA-1 protein in the presence of intracellular invaders?
NOD-like receptors
what does NOD-like receptors activate that in turn increase transcription of HLA-1 proteins
NFkB
what is the protein that inhibit NFkB and is phosphorylated and degraded when you need to increase the transcription of HLA-1 protein?
IkB
T or F: cytokines can also increase the expression of HLA-1 molecules
true
