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A&P > Chapter 5: Tissue Organization > Flashcards

Chapter 5: Tissue Organization Flashcards

1
Q

4 Primary Tissues of the Body

A

epithelial tissue
connective tissue
muscle tissue
nervous tissue

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2
Q

covers the surface of the body,

lines body cavities

A

Epithelial Tissue

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3
Q

Characteristic of Epithelial Tissue

A

avascularity

(lacks blood vessels) Prevents bleedin

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4
Q

classified by the number of cell layers and the shape of the surface (apical) cells.

A

Epithelia

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5
Q

only one layer of cells

A

Simple Epithelium

Designed for diffusion, absorption, and secretion

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6
Q

Better Designed for diffusion, absorption, and secretion

-

A

Simple Epithelium

-thinner than stratified

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7
Q

two or more layers of cells

A

stratified epithelium

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8
Q

Better for protective functions

A

Stratified epithelium

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9
Q
  • Single layer of flat cells
    -Lines air sacs of lungs (alveoli)
A

single layer of flat cells, lines air sacs of lungs (alveoli)

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10
Q

keratinized: found in the epidermis
nonkeratinized: oral cavity, part of pharynx, esophagus, vagina & anus

composed of what cell shape?

A

stratified squamous epithelium

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11
Q

Epithelial found in the epidermis

A

keratinized
- stratified squamous

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12
Q

found in oral cavity, part of pharynx, esophagus, vagina & anus
-openings of the body

A

nonkeratinized

-stratified epithelium

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13
Q

single layer; walls of kidney tubules

A

simple cuboidal

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14
Q

(cells are slender and taller than they are wide)

A

columnar

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15
Q

ciliated: goblet cells are what cell shape

A

columnar

(cells are slender and taller than they are wide)

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16
Q

Epithelia in which all cells are in contact with the basement membrane (simple epithelium)

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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17
Q

2 forms of Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

ciliated: have goblet cells and located in large passageways of the respiratory system
nonciliated: have goblet cells,

goblet- forms mucus stretches & relaxes

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18
Q

Cell Shape: Stratified
stretches & relaxes
limited to the urinary tract (lining of the bladder)

A

Transitional epithelium

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19
Q

2 types of glands

A

Endocrine glands
Exocrine glands

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20
Q

-Connected with epithelial surface by duct
-Multicellular glands
-Classified By methood of secretion

A

Exocrine glands

(Duck EXITS water)

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21
Q

Lacks ducts
secrete hormones into the blood

ducts: tube or passageway

A

Endocrine glands

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22
Q

-ducts connect to epithelial
-classified by method of secretion

A

Exocrine Glands
(Multicellular glands)

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23
Q

(!/3) Type of Exocrine Gland

Gland that Packages secretions into vesicles
Release Secretions by exocytosis

A

Merocrine (watery)

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24
Q

(2/3) Type of Exocrine Gland

a portion of the gland that pinches off and becomes secretion

A

Apocrine

(A- Portion-of)

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25
Q

(3/3) Type of Exocrine Gland

Whole Cell disentigrates
Ex: Oil-producing glands in the skin (sebaceous glands)

A

Holocrine

(HoloCaust)

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26
Q

(3/3) Type of Exocrine Gland

Cell disintegrates
Oil-producing glands in the skin (sebaceous glands)

A

Holocrine Gland

(Exocrine)

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27
Q

Most diverse/abundant tissue
-widely distributed

A

Connective Tissue

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28
Q

3 basic components of connective tissue

A

-CELLS
-PROTEIN FIBERS
-GROUND SUBSTANCE

(protein fibers + ground substance = extra cellular matrix)

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29
Q

most abundant cell in the connective Tissue proper

A

Fibroplasts

(Cells in the CT PROPER)

-fibroplasts
-adipocytes
-fixed macrophages
-mast cells
-plasma cells
-free macrophages

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30
Q

Fat Cells

A

Adipocytes

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31
Q

derived from monocytes (White Blood Cells)

A

Fixed Machrophages

(irregular shaped Cells)
(Part of cells of connective tissue)

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32
Q

Fixed Machrophages

A

derived from monocytes (White Blood Cells)

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33
Q

secrete heparin in inhibit blood clotting
secrete histamine to dilate blood vessels

A

mast cells

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34
Q

what cell produce antibodies

A

plasma cells

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35
Q

Plasma Cells

A

produce antibodies

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36
Q

Type of wandering cell

A

free macrophages

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37
Q

Collagen: strong, (tendons and ligaments)

Reticular: thinner, form branching interwoven framework (lymph nodes, spleen, and liver)

Elastic: stretch and recoil easily (skin, arteries, and lungs)

A

Protein fibers: 3 types

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38
Q

Protein fibers: 3 types

A

Collagen: strong, (tendons and ligaments)

Reticular: thinner, form branching interwoven framework (lymph nodes, spleen, and liver)

Elastic: stretch and recoil easily (skin, arteries, and lungs)

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39
Q

1/3 Protein Fibers

-Strong fibers
-found in tendons/ ligaments

A

Collagen fibers

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40
Q

2/3 Protein Fibers

-Thin Fibers
- form branching interwoven framework (lymph nodes, spleen, and liver)

-

A

Reticular fiber

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41
Q

3/3 Protein Fibet

-stretch and recoil easily
(skin, arteries, and lungs)

A

elastic fiber

42
Q

protein fibers + ground substance =

A

extracellular matrix.

43
Q

extracellular matrix is made up of what

A

he protein fibers + ground substance

44
Q

2 Types of Connective Tissue Proper

A

Loose
Dense

45
Q

Layers of skin order

A
46
Q

3 types of loose connective tissue

A

Areolar
Adipose
Reticular

47
Q

Dense irregular
Dense Regular
Elastic

A

Dense connective tissue

48
Q

Tissue that is in tendons and ligaments

A

Dense Regular

49
Q

found in most of the (D)ermis of the skin

A

Dense irregular

-part of loose CT

50
Q

Tissue that stretches and recoils

A

Elastic connective tissue

51
Q

2 Types of supporting Connective tissue

A

Cartilage
Bone

52
Q

3 types of Cartilage

A

Hyaline Cartilage
Fibro Cartilage
Elastic Cartilage

53
Q

Most Common type of Cartilage

A

Elastic Cartilage

54
Q

Type of supportive connective tissue thats avascular

A

Cartilage

55
Q

Fibro Cartilage is located in

A

Intervertebral discs (IVDs)
and Pubic symphysis

56
Q

Cartilage that is located in Intervertebral discs (IVDs)
and Pubic symphysis

A

Fibro Cartilage

57
Q

What are bone cells called ?

A

Osteocytes

58
Q

2 Types of Bone

A

Cortical (Compact) Bone
-Spongy bone

59
Q

cylindrical structures called osteons (the functional unit of compact bone)

A

Cortical (Compact) Bone

60
Q

concentric rings of bone CT called lamellae
lamellae encircle central canal, location of blood vessels and nerves

A

Cortical (Compact) Bone

61
Q

3 types of Mucles Tissue

A

-Skeletal
-Cardiac
-smooth

62
Q

Striated or voluntary muscle tissue

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

63
Q

composed of multinucleated fibers that are striated

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

64
Q

Tissue that is under voluntary control.

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

65
Q

Cells connected by intercalated discs

A

Cardiac muscle tissue

66
Q

contain one or two centrally located nuclei

A

Cardiac muscle tissue

67
Q

one or two centrally located nucleus.
tissue is under involuntary control.

A

Cardiac muscle tissue

68
Q

connected by intercalated discs

A

Cardiac muscle tissue

69
Q

called Visceral or Involuntary muscle tissue)

A

Smooth muscle tissue

70
Q

contain one centrally located nucleus, have** no striations**

A

Smooth muscle tissue

71
Q

Helps propel movement through organs

A

Smooth muscle tissue

72
Q

2 types of cells in nervous Tissue

A

-Nuerons
-Glial

73
Q

This cell Receives incoming signals and transmit information toward the cell body - (dendrites)

A

Neurons

74
Q

receives incoming signals from other cells and transmit information toward the cell body

A

dendrites

*Neuron Cells do this

75
Q

: single long process extending from the cell body
-carries outgoing signals to other cells
-carries outgoing signals away from the cell body

A

Axon

*Neuron Cells do this

76
Q

Mucous
Cutaneous
Serous
Synovial

A

4 Body Membranes

77
Q

4 Body Membranes

A

Mucous
Cutaneous
Serous
Synovial

78
Q

Also known as the skin

A

Cutaneous membrane

79
Q

Keratinized/ Non Keritinized are what type of epithelium (Cell shape)

A

Stratified Squamous

Non Keritinized: oral cavity, part of pharynx, esophagus, vagina & anus

Keratinized: Found in Epidermis

80
Q

Which epithelial have goblet cells and located in large passageways of the respiratory system

A

Pseudostratified Columnar :
CILIATED

81
Q

How many types of Exocrine Glands

A

3 :
Merocrine
Aprocrine
Holocrine

82
Q

Protein Fibers and Ground substance together form

A

Extracellular Matrix

83
Q

Cells in Connective Tissue

A

FFFAMP

Fibroblasts
Adipocytes
Fixed Macrophages
Mast Cells
Plasma Cells
Free Macrophages

84
Q

(Characteristics of Connective Tissue)

3 Types of Protein Fibers

A

Collagen
Elastic
Reticular

85
Q
A
86
Q

Keratinized Stratified Squamous is found where?

-Found in

A

Epiderimis

87
Q

Simple Squamous lines what part of the body?

A

Air Sac of lungs (Alveoli)

88
Q

CIli

Ciliated Goblet cells from Pseudostratified columnar epithelium are located …..

A

In large pathways of the respiratory system

89
Q

-Connected with epithelial surface by duct

A

Exocrine Gland

90
Q

Multicellular gland

A

Exocrine Gland

91
Q

Gland that is classified by method of secretion

A

Exocrine Gland

92
Q

Sebaceous glands is what type of Gland

A

Exocrine Gland

93
Q

Fibroplast

A

most abundant cell in CT Proper

94
Q

Mast Cells

A

secret heparine to inhibit blood clotting

Secrete histamine to dilate blood Vessels

95
Q

Adipocytes

A

Fat Cells

96
Q

Plasma Cells

A

Produce Antibodies

97
Q

Fixed Macrophages

A

Derived From Monocytes (WBC)

98
Q

Monocytes

A

White Blood Cells

Fixed Macrophages - Derived From Monocytes (WBC)

99
Q

muscle tissue that is:

Stratiated
Multinucleated
Voluntaty

A

Skeletal

100
Q

muscle tissue that is:

one centrally located nucleus,

no striations,

involuntary

Helps propel movement through organs

A

Smooth

101
Q

striated,

one or two centrally located nuclei.

involuntary

-intercalated discs

A

Cardiac muscle tissue

A&P (18 decks)

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