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implants > implant anatomy > Flashcards

implant anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Which 2 paired bones make up the maxilla?

A
  1. Maxillary Bone
  2. Palatine Bone
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2
Q

The maxillary bone is shaped like a pyramid and is composed of 4 processes. What are these?

A
  1. Frontal Process
  2. Palatine Process
  3. Zygomatic Process
  4. Alveolar Process
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3
Q

Where do the palatine processes fuse?

A

At the intermaxillary suture.

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4
Q

Which 2 parts of the maxilla can be used for local bone harvesting?

A

Anterior Nasal Spine
and
Maxillary Tuberosity

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5
Q

Which foramen forms the exterior opening of the infraorbital canal and transmits infraorbital vessels and nerve to the face?

A

Infraorbital Foramen

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6
Q

What is the maxillary hiatus?

A

The opening from the maxillary sinus into the nasal cavity.

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7
Q

What are sinus septa?

A

Barriers of cortical bone which divide the sinus into 2 or more compartments.

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8
Q

Where is the incisive foramen located?

A

Immediately behind the central incisors.

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9
Q

What size would the incisive foramen have to be to indicate pathology?

A

> 10mm

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10
Q

Which two structures does the incisive canal carry?

A

The nasopalatine nerve and descending nasopalatine artery.

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11
Q

How far below the infraorbital rim is the infraorbital canal located?

A

6-9mm

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12
Q

Which is the only mobile bone of the skeleton?

A

The Mandible

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13
Q

At what age do the hemimandibles fuse in humans?

A

2 years old

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14
Q

Due to resorption of the alveolar process, where can the mental foramen be located in edentulous patients?

A

In the upper 1/3 of the mandible or crest of the ridge.

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15
Q

In children, where is the mental foramen located?

A

In the lower 1/3 of the mandible.

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16
Q

Where is the digastric fossa located?

A

Lateral to the inferior mental spines.

17
Q

Where does the mandibular canal start?

A

At the mandibular foramen.

18
Q

Which structure does the mandibular canal end with?

A

The Anterior Loop

19
Q

Where does the mandibular incisive canal start from?

A

The anterior loop, extends towards the midline.

20
Q

What 3 factors does the position of the mental foramen depend on?

A
  1. Age
  2. Race
  3. Degree of Edentulism
21
Q

Which 3 structures should be considered when placing implants in the anterior mandible.

A
  1. Mental Foramina
  2. Anterior Loops
  3. Mandibular Incisive Canals
22
Q

Where is the blood supply to the face derived from?

A

Carotid Arteries (internal and external)

23
Q

Which 3 branches of the external carotid artery are responsible for blood supply to the maxillary and mandibular region?

A
  1. Lingual Artery
  2. Facial Artery
  3. Maxillary Artery
24
Q

Which 2 branches does the lingual artery divide into?

A
  1. Dorsal
  2. Sublingual
25
Q

Which 3 regions of the face does the MAXILLARY artery supply?

A
  1. Mandible
  2. Maxilla
  3. Palate
26
Q

Which 2 branches of the maxillary artery supply the mandible?

(think blocks)

A
  1. Inferior Alveolar Artery
  2. Mental Artery
27
Q

Which 3 branches of the maxillary artery supply the maxilla?

A
  1. Posterior Superior Alveolar Artery
  2. Infraorbital Artery
  3. Buccal Artery
28
Q

Which 2 branches of the maxillary artery supply the palate?

A
  1. Descending Palatine Artery
  2. Greater and Lesser Palatine Arteries
29
Q

Which veins can infection spread along from the canine fossa to the cavernous sinus of the brain.

A

Angular and Opthalmic Veins

30
Q

How can the lingual artery be damaged?
What does this cause?

A

By perforation on the lingual aspect of the mandible.

Causes a haemorrhage in the floor of the mouth.

31
Q

Name the 3 divisions of the Trigeminal Nerve?

A
  1. Opthalmic - sensory to orbit.
  2. Maxillary - sensory to nasomaxillary complex.
  3. Mandibular - sensory / motor to mandible and masticatory muscles.
32
Q

What are the 3 branches of the maxillary nerve?

A
  1. Nasopalatine Nerve
  2. Zygomatic Nerve
  3. Infraorbital Nerve

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